Biology & Medicine Quiz

Complete Blood Count (CBC) shows damaged red blood cells and indicates mild anemia. CBC is a blood test that measures various components including red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, and platelets. Hypersensitivity and autoimmune reactions are conditions, not CBC findings.

Erythroblastosis fetalis (hemolytic disease of the newborn) is caused by Rh incompatibility and ABO incompatibility between mother and fetus. These immune reactions destroy fetal red blood cells. Gene incompatibility and blood transfusion reactions are different conditions.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition causing excessive hair loss throughout the body. It results from the immune system attacking hair follicles. Graves disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis affect the thyroid, while scleroderma affects connective tissue.

Autoimmune diseases strike women 3 times more than men, with approximately 78% of autoimmune patients being female. This gender disparity is thought to be influenced by hormonal factors, particularly estrogen. The 3:1 ratio is well-documented medical literature.

MHC class I molecules present peptides from endogenous proteins synthesized in the cytosol. These proteins are degraded by the proteasome, transported into the endoplasmic reticulum via TAP, and loaded onto MHC class I molecules. The mitochondria and lysosome are not involved in this pathway.

Chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants that absorbs light for photosynthesis. Tendrils are climbing organs, stomata are pores for gas exchange, and starch is a carbohydrate storage product.

Quinine is a traditional treatment for malaria. It's extracted from cinchona bark and has antimalarial properties. It doesn't cure pimples, typhoid, or AIDS.

The cheetah is NOT extinct (it's endangered), while the dodo, brontosaurus, and mammoth are all extinct species. The question asks which is 'not extinct'.

Quinine is obtained from the bark of the cinchona tree, native to South America. Eucalyptus, redwood, and bunyan trees don't produce quinine.

Crop rotation maintains soil fertility by alternating different crops to prevent nutrient depletion and break pest cycles. Regular tilling can harm soil structure, growing the same crop repeatedly depletes specific nutrients, and irrigation alone doesn't maintain fertility.

The normal resting heart rate for a healthy adult ranges from 60-100 beats per minute, with 72 bpm being the commonly cited average. This is a standard physiological baseline used in medical assessments.

Tree age is most accurately determined through dendrochronology - counting the annual growth rings visible in a cross-section of the trunk. Each ring represents one year of growth, with light and dark bands showing seasonal variations.

Aves is the biological classification (class) that includes all bird species. Birds are characterized by feathers, beaked jaws, hard-shelled eggs, and high metabolic rates, distinguishing them from other vertebrates.

In biological classification, "Pisces" is the Latin term for the fish class. Fish are aquatic vertebrates with gills and fins, while reptiles, mammals, and birds belong to entirely different classes.

An average human adult has 32 permanent teeth, including 8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 premolars, and 12 molars (including 4 wisdom teeth). Children have 20 primary teeth that are eventually replaced by permanent teeth.

The Higgs boson is nicknamed the 'God Particle' because its existence was theorized to explain why other particles have mass. The term was popularized by physicist Leon Lederman's book, though physicists generally dislike the nickname. Photons, leptons, and mesons are different types of subatomic particles.

Dennis Ritchie created C at Bell Labs in the early 1970s for Unix development. James Gosling created Java, Bjarne Stroustrup created C++, and Rasmus Lerdorf created PHP.

The Biuret test detects peptide bonds in proteins. When copper(II) sulfate reacts with peptide bonds under alkaline conditions, the solution turns violet/purple. Carbohydrates use tests like Benedict's, fats use ethanol emulsion test, and lipids are tested with Sudan III.