Science & Technology Quiz

Charles Darwin did propose the theory of evolution by natural selection. However, the typewriter is associated with Sholes (Remington manufactured it), dynamite was invented by Nobel (Dunlop invented pneumatic tires), and the airplane was invented by the Wright brothers (not Harway).

Silver has the highest electrical conductivity of all metals, even higher than copper. However, copper is more commonly used in wiring because it's much cheaper and only slightly less conductive. Aluminium is used for power lines due to its light weight despite lower conductivity, while nickel has relatively poor conductivity.

A solar cell converts light directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect, with no combustion involved. Internal combustion engines (jet engines, car motors, and diesel engines) all burn fuel inside the engine to produce mechanical energy through expanding gases.

László Bíró, a Hungarian journalist, invented the modern ballpoint pen in the 1930s. The key innovation was a tiny ball that rolled to distribute ink as it moved across paper. Waterman is associated with fountain pens, while Oscar and Wilson are not associated with pen inventions.

Blaise Pascal invented the Pascaline, an early mechanical calculator in the 17th century. The other options - modern computers, cinema, and 'none of these' - are incorrect associations.

Orville and Wilbur Wright invented, built, and flew the world's first successful motor-operated airplane in 1903. Balloons were invented much earlier by the Montgolfier brothers in 1783.

Faraday is famous for electromagnetic induction and electrolysis, not diffusion of gases. The other pairs are correct: Roentgen discovered X-rays, Newton formulated gravitation laws, Pasteur founded bacteriology.

Anatomy specifically studies the structure and morphology of living organisms, including animals and plants. Physiology (option B) studies functions, ethology (C) studies behavior, and histology (D) studies tissues.

Seismology is the scientific study of earthquakes and the propagation of elastic waves through the earth. Ecology studies organisms-environment relationships, and numismatics studies coins.

Ecology is the study of the relationships between organisms and their environment, including both biotic and abiotic factors. It's not limited to birds, cell formation, or tissues specifically.

Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere and weather phenomena. Despite the similar sound to 'meteor', it doesn't study meteors, metals, or earthquakes.

Oncology is the branch of medicine that specializes in the study and treatment of cancer. Ornithology studies birds, mammalogy studies mammals, and pedology studies soil.

Exobiology (also called astrobiology) is the study of potential life beyond Earth. The prefix 'exo-' means 'outside' or 'external', distinguishing it from other biology branches.

Eugenics is the study of improving human genetic qualities through selective reproduction. Option A correctly captures this definition of altering human genetic components. The other options refer to racial groups, people of European origin, or plant genetics, which are not the definition of eugenics.

Ornithology is the scientific study of birds. Option B correctly identifies this. 'Study of bones' is osteology, 'study of smells' would be related to olfactory science, and ornithology is a valid established field.

Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit invented the mercury thermometer in 1714, which became known as the doctor's thermometer due to its medical applications. Edison invented the light bulb and phonograph, Galileo invented the thermoscope (precursor to thermometer), and option A is correct.

Ole Rømer first demonstrated that light has a finite speed and made the first quantitative measurement in 1676 using Jupiter's moon Io. Einstein formulated special relativity, Newton studied gravity and optics but believed light speed was infinite, and Galileo attempted but failed to measure light speed. Rømer is recognized as the first to successfully measure it.