General Science and Technology Quiz

Mangifera indica is the correct scientific name for mango. Note that option B has a typo 'Mangofera' but it's clearly intended to be the correct answer. The other options are scientific names for hibiscus, rose, and sunflower respectively.

Carolus Linnaeus is the father of binomial nomenclature, the system of giving each organism a two-part scientific name. He published this system in the 18th century and it remains the standard in biological classification today.

Scientific names follow binomial nomenclature with two parts: the genus name (capitalized) and the species name (lowercase). Together they uniquely identify each species. Family and class are higher taxonomic ranks, not part of the species name.

The Hildebrand & Wolfmüller (1894) was the first production motorcycle available for public purchase. It was manufactured in Munich, Germany. While Daimler-Maybach created earlier motorcycle prototypes (1885), they were not commercially available products.

ABS stands for Anti-Lock Braking System. It prevents wheel lock-up during hard braking by automatically modulating brake pressure. This helps the rider maintain steering control and stability during emergency braking situations.

The Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) was one of NASA's main payloads on Chandrayaan-1. It was an imaging spectrometer that helped confirm the presence of water molecules on the lunar surface by analyzing the reflected light from the Moon's surface and detecting the signature of water molecules in the soil and rocks.

Chandrayaan-1 was designed for a 2-year mission but was terminated early due to technical issues. The spacecraft was operational for 312 days in orbit before ISRO lost communication with it in August 2009. This was approximately 10 months of actual operation instead of the planned 24 months.

Dr. J N Goswami was the Principal Scientist of Chandrayaan-1. He is a renowned Indian physicist and was the Director of the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) at the time. M Annadurai was the Project Director, not the Principal Scientist, while S Kumar and K Kumar are not associated with this role on the mission.

The lunar surface experiences extreme temperature variations due to its lack of atmosphere. The highest daytime temperatures on the Moon can reach approximately 120-125°C near the lunar equator at noon. This is far hotter than the 75°C option but cooler than the exaggerated 240°C or 350°C values.

The lunar surface experiences extreme temperature variations due to the lack of atmosphere. During the lunar night, temperatures in permanently shadowed craters can drop to approximately -230°C (-382°F), making it one of the coldest places in our solar system. The daytime surface temperature can reach 127°C (260°F).

Solar wind contains hydrogen ions (protons) that bombard the lunar surface. When these H+ ions interact with oxygen-rich minerals in the lunar regolith (soil and rocks), they form water molecules (H2O). The oxygen is chemically bound in oxides within lunar surface materials, not in the atmosphere (which the Moon barely has) or coming from solar wind itself.

Table sugar (white sugar) is sucrose, a disaccharide composed of one glucose and one fructose molecule. Fructose is fruit sugar, galactose is found in milk, and glucose is blood sugar.

Caffeine is the primary stimulant found in coffee, tea, and cola drinks. Theobromine is the main stimulant in chocolate, while theophylline is found in small amounts in tea but is not the primary stimulant.

Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is commonly known as baking soda. Baking powder is a mixture of baking soda and a dry acid (usually cream of tartar), alum is potassium aluminum sulfate, and cream of tartar is an acidic byproduct of wine fermentation.

Tomatoes get their characteristic red color from lycopene, a carotenoid pigment. Beta carotene gives orange-colored vegetables like carrots their color, fructose is a sugar, and limonene is found in citrus fruits.

Chlorophyll is the primary green pigment found in plants, responsible for absorbing light energy during photosynthesis. While carotene and xanthophyll are also plant pigments, they appear orange and yellow respectively, not green. Mitochondria are organelles involved in energy production, not pigments.