Science and Technology Quiz

At maximum height, the rock's final velocity is zero. Using the kinematic equation v² = u² + 2as where v = 0, u = 30 m/s, and a = -9.8 m/s² (downward), we solve for height: 0 = 30² + 2(-9.8)h, giving h = 900/19.6 ≈ 45.9 meters, which rounds to approximately 45 meters.

Durga Agarwal (later known as Kanupriya Agarwal) was India's first test tube baby, born on October 3, 1978 in Kolkata. She was conceived through IVF technology pioneered by Dr. Subhas Mukherjee. The other Agarwal names listed (Preethi, Isha, Asha) are not associated with this historic medical achievement in India.

Durba Banerjee was India's first woman commercial pilot, flying for Indian Airlines starting in 1966. She broke gender barriers in Indian aviation. Kamini Roy was a poet and women's rights activist. Asima Chatterjee was a renowned chemist. Anna Chandy (or Chandi) was India's first woman judge, not a pilot.

Dennis Ritchie created the C programming language at Bell Labs in the early 1970s. George Stephenson invented the steam locomotive, James Watt improved the steam engine, and James Naismith invented basketball.

James Gosling created Java at Sun Microsystems in the mid-1990s. Brendan Eich created JavaScript, and the other names are not programming language creators.

Rasmus Lerdorf created PHP in 1994. Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, and the other names are not associated with programming language creation.

Larry Ellison co-founded Oracle Corporation (originally called Software Development Laboratories) in 1977 and is widely credited as the driving force behind Oracle Database. The other options are incorrect - Nathan B. Stubblefield invented wireless telephony, Martin Cooper invented the mobile phone, and Murray Kentucky is a place name not a person.

Edmund F. Codd invented the relational model for database management while working at IBM in 1970, which became the foundation for all RDBMS systems. His groundbreaking paper 'A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks' revolutionized database technology. The distractors are incorrect - Layman worked on XML, Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, and Parino is not a known figure in database history.

The average distance from the Earth to the Sun is approximately 93 million miles (about 150 million kilometers). This distance is defined as one Astronomical Unit (AU) and varies slightly throughout the year due to Earth's elliptical orbit, ranging from about 91.4 million miles at perihelion (closest) to 94.5 million miles at aphelion (farthest). The average of approximately 93 million miles is the standard answer.

The Sun contains approximately 99.8% of the total mass of the entire Solar System. This is because the Sun's mass is about 1.989 × 10^30 kg, while all the planets, asteroids, comets, and other objects combined make up only about 0.2% of the Solar System's mass. Jupiter, the largest planet, itself contains about 71% of all planetary mass, but even Jupiter is tiny compared to the Sun.

Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the Sun, making up approximately 74% of its mass (about 92% by number of atoms). The Sun's composition is primarily hydrogen (74% by mass, 92% by count), with helium (24% by mass, 8% by count) as the second most abundant element. The remaining 2% consists of heavier elements like oxygen, carbon, neon, and iron.

Helium is the second most abundant element in the Sun, accounting for approximately 24% of the Sun's mass (about 8% by number of atoms). While hydrogen makes up 74% by mass, helium produced through nuclear fusion in the Sun's core gradually accumulates. The remaining 2% consists of heavier elements including oxygen, carbon, neon, and iron, which were present in the molecular cloud from which the Sun formed.

The Sun's diameter is approximately 109 times that of Earth. The Sun has a diameter of about 1.39 million kilometers (864,000 miles), while Earth's diameter is about 12,742 kilometers (7,918 miles). This means approximately 109 Earths could be lined up across the face of the Sun. The Sun is so large that about 1.3 million Earths could fit inside it by volume.

The Sun is approximately 4.5 billion years old, having formed from the gravitational collapse of a region within a large molecular cloud about 4.6 billion years ago. This age estimate is based on radioactive dating of meteorites and analysis of the Sun's composition and evolution models. The Sun is currently in the main sequence phase of its lifecycle and is expected to remain stable for another 5 billion years before expanding into a red giant.

Idea Cellular is indeed owned by the Aditya Birla Group. Escotel was acquired by Idea, Aircel was a different company (now merged with Airtel), and Tata Teleservices is part of the Tata Group.

Yuri Gagarin was the first human to travel to space on April 12, 1961, aboard Vostok 1. Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk on the Moon (1969), not the first in space. Edwin 'Buzz' Aldrin was the second person to walk on the Moon. Kalpana Chawla was a NASA astronaut who flew on Space Shuttle missions much later (1997, 2003).