Water Resources and Environmental Science

The computer mouse was invented at Xerox PARC (Palo Alto Research Center), making option C correct. Douglas Engelbart created the prototype at Stanford Research Institute, but Xerox developed and commercialized the technology. Microsoft, Logitech, and Dell are peripheral manufacturers, not the original inventor.

Google launched the Nexus One smartphone in 2010, making option C correct. It was the first phone in the Nexus line, designed to showcase pure Android experience. Lava, Lemon, and Micromax are Indian smartphone brands, not Google products.

The statement claims one gallon of gas can contaminate 750 gallons of water, but this is a significant underestimate. According to environmental agencies like the EPA, one gallon of gasoline can actually contaminate up to 250,000 to 750,000 gallons of water, making it far more damaging than the statement suggests.

Water is considered saline when it contains 1,000 parts per million (ppm) or more of dissolved salts, which equals one-thousandth of the water's weight. This threshold definition is standard in hydrology and oceanography for classifying water salinity levels.

While freshwater species are indeed facing extinction threats, the rate is not universally twice that of land animals. According to the Living Planet Report and IUCN data, freshwater species populations have declined by 83% on average since 1970, but this doesn't translate to a simple '2x faster' extinction rate claim.

According to the Water Footprint Network and UN water studies, producing food for a family of four requires approximately 6,000-7,000 gallons of water daily when accounting for irrigation, livestock, and food processing - this figure is well-documented in water security research.

The Arctic region contains about 68-70% of the world's fresh water, not over 90%. Most of this is locked in the Greenland Ice Sheet and various glaciers. The claim of 'over 90%' significantly overstates the Arctic's actual share.

According to the Water Footprint Network and multiple agricultural studies, producing one pound of beef requires approximately 1,800-2,000 gallons of water when accounting for feed crops, drinking water, and processing - so 'over 2000 gallons' is an accurate statement.

Through evapotranspiration, a one-acre corn field can release 3,000-4,000 gallons of water per day during peak growing season. This represents both transpiration from the plants and direct evaporation from soil, making this estimate scientifically accurate for mature corn crops.

The statement claims 1-3 litres per kilo of rice, but this is grossly incorrect. According to the FAO and Water Footprint Network, rice production requires 2,500-5,000 litres of water per kilogram when accounting for paddy irrigation, making the statement false by a huge margin.

According to the UN World Water Development Report and groundwater studies, global groundwater overextraction does exceed natural replenishment by at least 160 billion cubic meters annually - this represents a critical water sustainability crisis affecting aquifers worldwide.