General Science Quiz

Bonsai is the Japanese art form of growing dwarf trees or woody plants in containers. Using techniques like pruning, wiring, and root restriction, bonsai artists create miniature versions of full-sized trees while maintaining their aesthetic proportions. It requires patience and skill to maintain these living art pieces.

The Big Bang theory is the most widely accepted cosmological model explaining the origin of the universe. It describes how the universe began from an extremely hot and dense point approximately 13.8 billion years ago and has been expanding ever since. This theory is supported by evidence like cosmic microwave background radiation and redshift of distant galaxies.

Tendons are tough bands of connective tissue that connect muscles to bones, transmitting the force generated by muscles to move the skeleton. Unlike ligaments (which connect bones to other bones) or cartilage (which cushions joints), tendons specifically enable muscle contraction to produce movement. This is fundamental to how we move.

No modern bird species possesses teeth; they all have beaks instead. While some prehistoric birds like Archaeopteryx had teeth, all living birds are toothless and have evolved beaks for feeding. Birds still have claws (like in ostriches), a sense of smell, and hearing - making teeth the correct answer.

Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of molten magma (underground) or lava (on the surface). This distinguishes them from sedimentary rocks (formed from compressed sediments) and metamorphic rocks (formed from existing rocks under heat and pressure). Examples include granite and basalt.

Philo Farnsworth is credited as the inventor of the first fully electronic television system. He developed the image dissector tube and demonstrated electronic television in 1927, making significant contributions to television technology.

Newton is defined as the force required to accelerate 1 kilogram at 1 m/s² in the direction of applied force. By dimensional analysis: F = ma, so [N] = [M][L][T]⁻² = kg·m/s². Option A correctly shows this.

In an atom, the atomic number equals the number of protons. Mass number equals protons + neutrons. For element F with atomic number 9 and mass number 19: protons = 9, neutrons = 19-9 = 10. Option C is correct.

The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs. It is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood - all others carry oxygenated blood.

From V = IR, if R is constant, then I = V/R means current is directly proportional to voltage. Increase voltage and current increases proportionally. Options A and B are incorrect; I and V are directly related, not inversely.

The general molecular formula for alkynes is CnH2n-2, where n is the number of carbon atoms. This is because alkynes contain a triple bond, which reduces the hydrogen count by 4 compared to alkanes (CnH2n+2). Option A (CnH2n) is the formula for cycloalkanes or alkenes. Option B (CnH2n+2) is for alkanes. Option C (CnHn) is not a standard hydrocarbon formula.

H5N1 is the scientific designation for the avian influenza virus, commonly known as bird flu (Option A). It primarily affects birds but can infect humans. Option B (swine flu) is H1N1. Option C (AIDS) is caused by HIV. Option D (Jaundice) is a liver condition, not a viral infection by this name.

The Winter Solstice (around December 21-22 in the Northern Hemisphere) marks the shortest day of the year when the sun is at its lowest point in the sky. Option B is correct, though 'Solistice' is misspelled (should be Solstice). Equinoxes (A and C) mark equal day and night, while Summer Solstice is the longest day.

The world's first successful kidney transplant was performed in 1954 by Dr. Joseph Murray and his team at Harvard University's Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston. The surgery was between identical twins. Option C (Harvard) is correct. This was a groundbreaking medical achievement that earned Murray the Nobel Prize.

The cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of all living organisms. All life processes occur at the cellular level. Option A is correct. Genes, DNA, and RNA are molecules within cells but are not themselves the basic living unit - they are components that carry genetic information.

Pure distilled water has a pH of exactly 7, which is considered neutral on the pH scale (0-14). The pH scale measures acidity (below 7) and alkalinity (above 7). Option B is correct. A pH of 8 would be slightly basic, while 6 and 5 would be acidic.

Covalent bonds are the strongest chemical bonds among common types, involving the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. They have bond energies typically ranging from 150-400 kJ/mol. Option B is correct. Ionic bonds (C) are strong but generally weaker than covalent in similar conditions, while hydrogen bonds (A) and Van der Waals forces (D) are much weaker intermolecular forces.

Hubble's Law states that galaxies are moving away from each other at speeds proportional to their distance - this is the key evidence for an expanding universe. The law is expressed as v = H₀ × d, where v is recession velocity and d is distance. Option C is correct. It does not describe the speed of light (A), stellar rotation (B), or planetary orbits (D).

Sharks have skeletons made entirely of cartilage, a flexible connective tissue, rather than bone. This makes them lighter and more agile swimmers. Cartilaginous fish also include rays and skates. Option D is correct. Bones (A) are found in bony fish, while muscles (B) and tendons (C) are soft tissues, not skeletal structures.