Biology and Natural Science Quiz

Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, the green pigment that gives plants their characteristic color and enables photosynthesis. This is why plants appear green.

Chromoplasts are plastids that contain pigments giving color to plant parts like fruits, flowers, and aging leaves. They synthesize and store pigments such as carotenoids (red, orange, yellow). Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis (green), leucoplasts store colorless starch/proteins, and chrolophyll is a misspelling of chlorophyll.

The nucleus is called the control room of the cell because it contains the genetic material (DNA) and directs all cellular activities including growth, metabolism, protein synthesis, and reproduction. It regulates gene expression and cell division. Mitochondria produce energy, cell wall provides structure in plants, and 'Cell' is too general.

Gregor Mendel is known as the father of genetics for his pioneering work on inheritance patterns using pea plants. He discovered fundamental laws including dominance, segregation, and independent assortment. The answer has a typo - it should be Gregor, not Johan. H G Khorana contributed to cracking the genetic code, Robert Hooke discovered cells, and Aristotle studied natural philosophy.

Charles Robert Darwin proposed the theory of natural selection in his work 'On the Origin of Species' (1859). Natural selection explains how organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. Options B, C, D have garbled variations of his name but are incorrect spellings.

India ranked 5th in the world's cybercrime ranking for 2009, following the United States, China, Brazil, and Germany. This reflected India's growing digital footprint and associated cybersecurity challenges during that period.

Google did withdraw its main search services from mainland China in 2010 after censorship disputes and cyberattacks, redirecting mainland users to Google Hong Kong. However, this statement about 'closing business' lacks context - Google maintains some presence (AI research, ad sales) but does not operate core search/social services in mainland China.

Element 117 (Tennessine) was first synthesized in 2010 by a Russian-American team through nuclear fusion, bombarding berkelium-249 with calcium-48 ions. This process of creating superheavy elements by fusing lighter nuclei is well-documented. The claim that scientists created it from calcium and berkelium is factually correct.