Earth Composition: Elements in Crust, Atmosphere, and Core

Oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up about 46.6% of its mass.

Silicon is the second most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up about 27.7% of its mass.

Aluminum is the third most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up about 8.1% of its mass.

Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up about 5.0% of its mass.

Calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up about 3.6% of its mass.

Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, making up about 78.08% of its volume.

Oxygen is the second most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, making up about 20.95% of its volume.

Argon is the third most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, making up about 0.93% of its volume.

Carbon Dioxide is the fourth most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, making up about 0.04% of its volume.

Water Vapor is the fifth most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, making up about 0.03% of its volume.

Iron is the most abundant element in the Earth's core, making up about 80% of its mass.

Nickel is the second most abundant element in the Earth's core, making up about 10% of its mass.

Cobalt is the third most abundant element in the Earth's core, making up about 5% of its mass.

Manganese is the fourth most abundant element in the Earth's core, making up about 3% of its mass.

Sulfur is the fifth most abundant element in the Earth's core, making up about 2% of its mass.