General Science and Biology Quiz

Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves that don't require a medium and travel at the speed of light. Infrared, ultraviolet, and X-rays are all parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. Sound waves are mechanical longitudinal waves that require a material medium (solid, liquid, or gas) to propagate and cannot travel through vacuum, making them fundamentally different from electromagnetic waves.

Newton's first law (law of inertia) states that objects resist changes in motion - a resting object stays at rest, and a moving object continues with constant velocity unless acted upon by an unbalanced external force. Options A, B, and C correctly describe this principle. Option D is false because a body CAN move at constant speed with an external force if the force is perpendicular to motion (like circular motion), or if balanced forces act on it.

Decimal 135 equals 87 in hex (8×16+7), 207 in octal (2×64+0×8+7), and 10000111 in binary (128+4+2+1). Option D (1000111=7 bits) is incorrect - the binary representation requires 8 bits (10000111). Verify: hex 87 (8×16+7=135), octal 207 (2×64+0×8+7=135).

All four are valid angle units. Radian and degree are the most common, with 2π radians = 360 degrees. Minute (1/60 degree) and second (1/60 minute = 1/3600 degree) are subdivisions used for precise measurements in navigation and astronomy.

Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting as it helps produce clotting factors in the liver. Vitamins B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), and D are unrelated to coagulation - B vitamins aid metabolism, D regulates calcium.

ECG (electrocardiogram) records the heart's electrical activity and is used to diagnose heart conditions like arrhythmias, heart attacks, and conduction defects. It is not used for brain (EEG), kidneys, or lungs.

Most digestion and nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine. The stomach primarily breaks down food with acid and enzymes. The liver produces bile, and large intestine absorbs water - neither is the primary digestion site.

All four statements are true. A: Triangle interior angles sum to 180° (fundamental property). B: Triangle inequality theorem - any two sides sum exceeds the third. C: Exterior angles (one per vertex) sum to 360°. D: Exterior angle theorem - exterior angle equals sum of remote interior angles.

Dialysis is a medical procedure that artificially performs the kidney's function of filtering blood, removing waste products and excess fluids when kidneys fail. It is primarily used for end-stage renal disease or acute kidney injury where the kidneys can no longer function properly.

A biopsy is a medical procedure where tissue is extracted from a LIVING patient for microscopic examination. Post-mortem tissue examination is called an autopsy. Blood draws (phlebotomy) from veins or arteries are separate diagnostic procedures, not biopsies.

Diabetes (specifically Type 1) is caused by insufficient insulin production by the pancreas. Insulin regulates blood sugar levels - without it, glucose cannot enter cells efficiently. Sugar doesn't "cause" diabetes (though excess intake is a risk factor for Type 2), and vitamin deficiency is unrelated.

Malaria is a parasitic infection that primarily affects the spleen, causing splenomegaly (enlarged spleen). The Plasmodium parasite infects and destroys red blood cells. The spleen works overtime to filter these damaged cells, leading to its characteristic enlargement. The heart, lungs, and kidneys are not the primary target organs.

Newborns have approximately 270-300 bones at birth, which fuse together during growth to become 206 bones in adults. Option C is the closest correct answer.

The liver is the largest gland in the human body, weighing approximately 1.5 kg. It performs over 500 functions including metabolism, detoxification, and bile production. The thyroid and pancreas are much smaller.

Calcium phosphate (specifically hydroxyapatite) is the main mineral component of bones and teeth, providing hardness and strength. Calcium carbonate is found in seashells, while sulphate and nitrate are not structural components of bone.

Nuclear fission is indeed highly exothermic (A) - it releases large amounts of energy when heavy nuclei split. Neutrons are typically used to trigger fission reactions (C) because they're electrically neutral and can penetrate the nucleus. Option B is wrong because fission releases energy (exothermic). Option D is wrong because power plants use controlled fission, not uncontrolled.

When a body rests on a horizontal surface without external forces, two forces act on it: its weight (downward) and the normal reaction force (upward) from the surface. Since the question specifically asks about forces from the ground/surface, 'normal reaction' (B) is the correct answer. Friction only acts when there's motion or tendency to move.

William Harvey discovered the mechanism of blood circulation in 1628 and published his findings in 'De Motu Cordis' (On the Motion of the Heart), proving that the heart acts as a pump circulating blood throughout the body in a continuous loop. Gregor Mendel is associated with genetics, Kepler with astronomy, and Faraday with electromagnetism.

Henry Cavendish discovered hydrogen in 1766 and termed it 'inflammable air,' recognizing it as a distinct substance with unique properties. He identified hydrogen gas by observing that it was produced when acids reacted with metals.

Michael Faraday formulated the quantitative laws of electrolysis in 1833, describing the relationship between the amount of substance deposited at electrodes and the electric charge passed through the solution. Humphry Davy discovered several elements using electrolysis but did not establish the mathematical laws.