Science Discoveries and Inventions Quiz

Sir M. Visvesvarayya was the chief architect of the Krishnarajasagar dam built across the Kaveri River in Karnataka. He was a renowned civil engineer and his birthday (September 15) is celebrated as Engineers' Day in India.

Meghnad Saha formulated the Saha ionization equation (1920), which explained the presence of spectral lines in stellar spectra based on temperature and pressure conditions. This was a fundamental contribution to astrophysics.

Richard Rhodes wrote 'The Making of the Atomic Bomb,' a comprehensive historical account that won the Pulitzer Prize and National Book Award. Otto Hahn discovered nuclear fission, Einstein developed relativity theory, and Roosevelt was President during Manhattan Project.

A sphygmomanometer is the medical device used to measure blood pressure. The term comes from Greek 'sphygmos' (pulse) and 'manometer' (pressure measuring device). It typically consists of an inflatable cuff and a pressure gauge.

YAHOO stands for 'Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle'. This backronym was coined by founders David Filo and Jerry Yang. 'Hierarchical' refers to the directory structure, and 'Officious Oracle' implied the site would provide helpful guidance. Despite common misconceptions, this is the widely accepted full form.

Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam received 36 honorary PhDs from universities worldwide recognizing his contributions to aerospace engineering and science before becoming President of India. This is a well-documented fact about his academic honors.

A I Oparin proposed the chemical evolution of life theory in his 1924 book 'The Origin of Life'. His theory suggested that life arose gradually through chemical reactions in Earth's early atmosphere, forming increasingly complex organic molecules.

Robert Koch identified the tuberculosis bacterium in 1882, establishing the germ theory of disease. Cholera was also studied by Koch, but his Nobel Prize was primarily for tuberculosis work. Malaria is caused by a parasite (Plasmodium), not a bacterium, and diabetes is a metabolic disorder.

William Herschel discovered Uranus in 1781, the first planet discovered with a telescope. Copernicus developed the heliocentric model, and Ganleo appears to be a fictitious name. This was a major astronomical discovery.

Ornithology is the scientific study of birds, from their behavior and physiology to classification and conservation. Osteology studies bones, dendrology studies trees, and there is no formal 'study of smells' in biology (olfaction is studied within physiology/neuroscience).

Exobiology (also called astrobiology) is the study of potential life beyond Earth. Endobiology is not a recognized field, enterobiology is misspelled (likely entomology - insect study), and neobiology is not a standard term.

Seismology is the scientific study of earthquakes and the propagation of elastic waves through the Earth. Ecology studies organisms and their environment. Numismatics studies coins. 'Earthmatics' is not a real field.

László Bíró, a Hungarian journalist, invented the modern ballpoint pen in the 1930s. Waterman is associated with fountain pens. Oscar and Wilson are not associated with pen inventions.

Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection. Remington manufactured the first practical typewriter (Sholes & Glidden typewriter). Dynamite was invented by Alfred Nobel, not Dunlop. The aeroplane was invented by the Wright brothers.