Science, Technology, and Space Exploration Quiz

Proxima Centauri is the closest star to Earth (excluding the Sun), located about 4.24 light-years away in the Alpha Centauri star system. Arcturus is about 37 light-years away. Polaris (North Star) is about 433 light-years away. The Moon is Earth's satellite, not a star.

Laika, a Soviet dog, became the first Earthling (living creature) to reach space aboard Sputnik 2 on November 3, 1957. Yuri Gagarin was the first human in space (1961). Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman in space (1963). Neil Armstrong was the first human on the Moon (1969).

Alan Shepard became the first American in space on May 5, 1961, during the Freedom 7 mission. Yuri Gagarin was Soviet (first human in space). John Glenn was the first American to orbit Earth. Neil Armstrong was the first human to walk on the Moon.

Valentina Tereshkova, a Soviet cosmonaut, became the first woman in space on June 16, 1963, aboard Vostok 6. Sally Ride was the first American woman in space (1983). Mae Jemison was the first African-American woman in space (1992). Gus Grissom was a male American astronaut.

Eileen Collins became the first American woman to pilot a spacecraft when she commanded STS-63 (Discovery) in 1995. Sally Ride was the first American woman in space (1983) but not the first to pilot. Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman in space overall (Soviet, 1963). Mae Jemison was the first African American woman in space (1992).

Neil Armstrong was the first human to step on the moon (1969). Buzz Aldrin was the second, stepping onto the lunar surface about 19 minutes after Armstrong. Michael Collins was the Command Module Pilot who stayed in lunar orbit and never walked on the moon. Mae Jemison is unrelated to lunar missions.

STD stands for Subscriber Trunk Dialling, which allows telephone subscribers to directly dial long-distance calls without operator assistance. Option B is correct. Options A, C, and D contain spelling errors ('Subsribe' instead of 'Subscribe' and 'Subsribe' instead of 'Subscriber').

ISD stands for International Subscriber Dialling. It is the system that allows telephone subscribers to make international calls without operator assistance.

FM stands for Frequency Modulation, a method of encoding information in a carrier wave by varying its frequency. Option C is correct. Options A, B, and D are incorrect - 'First Modulation' and 'Feather Modulation/Module' are not standard telecommunications terms.

CDMA stands for Code Division Multiple Access, a channel access method used by various radio communication technologies. Option B is correct. Options A, C, and D are incorrect - 'Centre Division' and 'Dividor' are not the correct terms.

GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communication, a standard for mobile phones and networks. Option C is correct. Options A, B, and D are incorrect - 'Global Syscom' and 'Mobile Communities/Community' are not the correct expansion.

SIM stands for Subscriber Identity Module, a smart card that stores a mobile subscriber's identity and information. Option D is correct. Options A, B, and C are incorrect - 'Subscribe' and 'Modum' are misspelled or wrong.

RBI stands for Reserve Bank of India, India's central banking institution. Option A is correct. Options B, C, and D are incorrect - 'Railway Bank' and 'Road Bank' are not real institutions.