Computing Technology and Basic Science Quiz

Effusion is the process where a gas flows through a small hole or opening in its container under pressure. Diffusion is spreading through a medium, osmosis is solvent movement through membranes, and extrusion is a manufacturing process. Option B is correct.

An extensive property is a property that changes when the size of the sample changes, meaning it depends directly on how much matter is present. Examples include mass and volume, unlike intensive properties such as density or temperature.

At the critical pressure, a gas can condense into a liquid. The critical point represents the highest temperature and pressure at which a gas can be liquefied. Above this point, the gas and liquid phases become indistinguishable (supercritical fluid).

Aerobic processes, by definition, require oxygen. 'Aerobic' means 'requiring air or oxygen'. Examples include aerobic respiration in cells and aerobic decomposition. Anaerobic processes occur without oxygen.

Le Chatelier's principle states that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed, it shifts to counteract the disturbance and establish a new equilibrium. It applies to chemical equilibria, not specifically to gases, dispersion forces, or attractive forces (though it can affect systems involving these).

pH stands for potential of hydrogen and is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution, directly measuring the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+). Therefore, the statement is true.

Gordon E. Moore was co-founder of Intel alongside Robert Noyce in 1968, and famous for Moore's Law. Bill Gates founded Microsoft, Jerry Yang co-founded Yahoo, and Sergey Brin co-founded Google - none associated with Intel's founding.

MIME stands for Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, a standard for extending email format to support non-text attachments and character sets beyond ASCII. The other options mix up the correct terminology.

IRQ stands for Interrupt Request, a hardware signal sent to the CPU to get attention. Input Request is incorrect - it's about interrupts, not general input. Que/Queue are wrong - IRQ is not a queue structure.

CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) is the display technology used in traditional monitors and TVs before LCD/LED. CPU processes data, printers print, scanners digitize - none use CRT technology which is specifically for display devices.

Windows 2000 was released in February 2000, making it the first Windows release after Windows 98 (1998-99 releases). Windows ME and XP came later, and there was never a Windows 99.

Apple has released iPod Mini, iPod Nano, and iPod Shuffle, but never an iPod Vision. iPod Touch, Classic, and U2 Special Edition were real products - Vision was never made.

DOS (Disk Operating System) is a standalone OS, not related to web development. HTML, JAVA, and PHP are all core web technologies - HTML for structure, Java and PHP for server-side programming.

Apache HTTP Server is web server software developed by the Apache Software Foundation. It serves web content to clients and is not a browser (like Chrome), computer hardware, or operating system.

The Intel 4004, introduced in November 1971, was Intel's first microprocessor and the world's first commercially available single-chip microprocessor. The 8080 came later in 1974, and 8086 in 1978. Option A (3080) is not a real Intel processor.

Sir Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989 at CERN. Alan Kay pioneered object-oriented programming, Jack Kilby invented the integrated circuit, and Robert Noyce co-founded Intel - none developed the web.

A motherboard is also called a system board because it's the main printed circuit board that connects all components in a computer. CPU is a component mounted on the motherboard, not another name for it. Fatherboard is not a real term.

Apple's first logo in 1976 depicted Sir Isaac Newton sitting under an apple tree, designed by co-founder Ronald Wayne. The rainbow apple with a bite came later in 1977. The original logo referenced Newton's discovery of gravity through a falling apple.

Adobe Systems was founded by John Warnock and Charles Geschke in 1982. Warnock was the key co-founder who helped develop PostScript and PDF technologies that became Adobe's foundation. The other names are not associated with Adobe's founding.

Apple Computer was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne in 1976. Steve Jobs became the most famous co-founder and visionary behind Apple's success. The other names are incorrect or misspellings.