Social Psychology: Behavior and Development

Genetics is not a common cause of personality change because personality is largely shaped by environmental factors, such as life experiences and culture.

Erikson believed that the primary task of adolescence is to develop a sense of identity, which involves exploring different roles and values and coming to terms with one's own strengths and weaknesses.

Confirmation bias is the tendency for people to seek out and remember information that confirms their existing beliefs, while ignoring or downplaying information that contradicts them.

Conformity is the process by which people change their behavior in order to conform to the expectations of others.

Free will is not a factor that can contribute to personality change because personality is largely shaped by environmental factors, such as life experiences and culture.

Assimilation is the process by which people gradually become more similar to each other in their attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.

Self-serving bias is the tendency for people to attribute their own successes to internal factors and their failures to external factors.

Preschool: Initiative vs. Guilt is not a stage in Erikson's stages of psychosocial development. The eight stages are Infancy: Trust vs. Mistrust, Early childhood: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, Play age: Initiative vs. Guilt, School age: Industry vs. Inferiority, Adolescence: Identity vs. Role Confusion, Young adulthood: Intimacy vs. Isolation, Adulthood: Generativity vs. Stagnation, and Maturity: Integrity vs. Despair.

Enculturation is the process by which people adopt the values and beliefs of the culture in which they live.

Displacement is not a common defense mechanism because it involves redirecting unacceptable impulses toward a less threatening target, rather than denying or distorting them.

Self-serving bias is the tendency for people to overestimate the importance of their own personal qualities and abilities.