Indian Trigonometric Functions in Navigation

Aryabhata was an Indian mathematician and astronomer who lived in the 5th century CE. He is credited with developing the concept of the sine function.

The Aryabhatiya is an Indian mathematical treatise written by Aryabhata in the 5th century CE. It contains the earliest known description of the cosine function.

Bhaskara was an Indian mathematician and astronomer who lived in the 12th century CE. He is credited with developing the concept of the tangent function.

The Siddhanta Shiromani is an Indian mathematical treatise written by Bhaskara in the 12th century CE. It contains the earliest known description of the cotangent function.

Brahmagupta was an Indian mathematician and astronomer who lived in the 7th century CE. He is credited with developing the concept of the secant function.

The Brahmasphuta Siddhanta is an Indian mathematical treatise written by Brahmagupta in the 7th century CE. It contains the earliest known description of the cosecant function.

Brahmagupta was an Indian mathematician and astronomer who lived in the 7th century CE. He is credited with developing the concept of the versine function.

The Brahmasphuta Siddhanta is an Indian mathematical treatise written by Brahmagupta in the 7th century CE. It contains the earliest known description of the haversine function.

Bhaskara was an Indian mathematician and astronomer who lived in the 12th century CE. He is credited with developing the concept of the exsecant function.

The Siddhanta Shiromani is an Indian mathematical treatise written by Bhaskara in the 12th century CE. It contains the earliest known description of the excscant function.

Brahmagupta was an Indian mathematician and astronomer who lived in the 7th century CE. He is credited with developing the concept of the chord function.

The Brahmasphuta Siddhanta is an Indian mathematical treatise written by Brahmagupta in the 7th century CE. It contains the earliest known description of the arc function.

Brahmagupta was an Indian mathematician and astronomer who lived in the 7th century CE. He is credited with developing the concept of the sagitta function.