World History and British Empire

Le Corbusier, the Swiss-French architect, designed Chandigarh - India's first planned city after independence in 1947. Edwin Lutyens designed New Delhi, Gustave Eiffel designed the Eiffel Tower, and Bonanno Pisano is associated with the Leaning Tower of Pisa. Chandigarh is known for its modernist architecture and urban planning.

Janamsakhis are the biographical accounts of Guru Nanak Dev Ji's life, containing stories and legends about his travels and teachings. The Guru Granth Sahib is the Sikh scripture, Adi Granth is its early compilation, and Dasam Granth is attributed to Guru Gobind Singh Ji. Janamsakhis specifically document the first Guru's life stories.

Offa's Dyke was constructed in the late 8th century by King Offa of Mercia as a defensive earthwork marking the border with Wales. The path follows this ancient monument. 1818, 1066 (Norman Conquest), and the 1900s are incorrect centuries for this construction.

Hawaii became a US territory in 1900 through the Newlands Resolution, which annexed the islands. It later became the 50th state in 1959. 1900 marks when Hawaii officially came under US sovereignty as a territory.

Sir Walter Raleigh was a prominent figure at Queen Elizabeth I's court, known for his poetry (including 'The Nymph's Reply to the Shepherd') and historical works. He organized expeditions to the Americas and was a favorite of the Queen.

Queen Victoria died on January 22, 1901, ending her 63-year reign (1837-1901), the longest in British history at that time. Her death marked the end of the Victorian era and the transition to the Edwardian era under her son King Edward VII.

The Duke of Wellington's actual name was Arthur Wellesley (1769-1852). He was a British military leader who defeated Napoleon at Waterloo in 1815 and later served as Prime Minister. 'Duke of Wellington' is his title.

The Great Plague of London occurred in 1665-1666, killing an estimated 100,000 people (roughly 25% of London's population). It was the last major epidemic of the bubonic plague in England and was followed by the Great Fire of London in 1666.