Famous Nicknames and Epithets

Nitish Kumar served as Railway Minister during the NDA government led by Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1998-1999 and 2001-2004). Lalu Prasad Yadav and Ram Vilas Paswan were from different parties, and Mamata Banerjee resigned from the NDA government early. The question has grammatical errors but identifies the correct minister.

Dr. Manmohan Singh is the only Indian Prime Minister to complete a full 5-year term (2004-2009) and be re-elected for another term (2009-2014). Nehru served multiple terms but died in office; Indira Gandhi's elected terms were interrupted; Vajpayee served a full term but lost re-election.

Indira Gandhi maintained strong ties with Saddam Hussein's Iraq during the 1970s and 1980s, including during the Non-Aligned Movement. India supported Iraq during the Iran-Iraq war. Nehru died before Saddam took power, Deve Gowda and Narasimha Rao were not associated with this particular relationship.

The Diamond Sutra (often spelled as Hirake Sutra in some sources) dated 868 AD is the oldest dated printed book in the world, discovered in the Dunhuang caves in China. The Bible, while older in content, was not printed until much later (Gutenberg Bible, 1450s). The Ramayana and Mahabharata are ancient Indian epics that were transmitted orally and in manuscript form long before printing.

Willem Janszoon (misspelled as Willliam Janszoom) was a Dutch navigator who became the first recorded European to sight and map parts of the Australian coast in 1606. Eric the Red and Leif Ericsson were Norse explorers associated with Greenland and North America, not Australia.

Roald Amundsen, a Norwegian explorer, was the first person to reach the South Pole on December 14, 1911, beating a British expedition led by Robert Falcon Scott. Sir Edmund Hillary was famous for climbing Mount Everest in 1953, long after the South Pole was reached.

Operation Shakti (Pokhran-II) was coordinated by Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (then DRDO chief) and Dr. R. Chidambaram (then AEC chairman) in 1998. Kalam handled the engineering while Chidambaram led the scientific team.

Rani Laxmi Bai is correctly identified as 'Manu' - this was her childhood name. She was the Jhansi queen who led the 1857 rebellion against British rule.

'Gallega' refers to Christopher Columbus - Gallega was the name of one of his ships on his 1492 voyage. The question uses this ship name to refer to the explorer himself.

Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan was called 'Frontier Gandhi' for his nonviolent philosophy in the North-West Frontier Province (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa). He was a close ally of Mahatma Gandhi and a freedom activist.

Sarojini Naidu was called the 'Nightingale of India' for her beautiful and evocative poetry. She was a renowned poet, freedom fighter, and orator who became the first woman to become President of the Indian National Congress and first woman Governor of an Indian state.

'Il Braghettone' (Italian for 'The Pants-Maker' or 'The Breeches') was a mocking nickname given to Michelangelo. The story goes that when painting the Sistine Chapel ceiling, he complained about Pope Julius II constantly asking when it would be done. The Pope's irritable response about wanting Michelangelo in his 'breeches' led to this ironic nickname.

'Poppy' was the childhood nickname of George H.W. Bush (41st President of the United States). The nickname came from his grandfather, who was known as 'Poppy Bush', and the name was passed down. This distinguished him from his son George W. Bush (43rd President), who was sometimes called 'Dubya'.