General Knowledge: Arts, Religion & Culture

In the Harry Potter universe, Newt Scamander is the in-universe author of "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them". While J.K. Rowling wrote the real book, the question asks about Harry's textbook author within the fictional world. Arsenius Jigger wrote "Magical Drafts and Potions" and Miranda Goshawk wrote "The Standard Book of Spells".

In Islam, Salah (prayer) is performed five times a day: Fajr (dawn), Dhuhr (noon), Asr (afternoon), Maghrib (sunset), and Isha (night). These five daily prayers are one of the Five Pillars of Islam.

Zakat, one of the Five Pillars of Islam, requires Muslims to donate 2.5% of their accumulated wealth (savings, gold, investments, etc.) annually to those in need. This calculation applies to wealth held for a full lunar year.

The Islamic calendar is known as the Hijree calendar (also spelled Hijri). It is a lunar calendar based on the visual sighting of the crescent moon and begins its count from the Hijrah (migration) of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE. The other names listed are not the correct terminology.

According to Islamic belief, the Injeel (Gospel) was the holy book revealed to Prophet Eesa (Jesus). Zaboor was given to Dawood (David), Quran to Muhammad, and Thourath (Torah) to Musa (Moses). The Injeel is distinct from the four Gospels in the New Testament.

Eid-ul-Fitr is celebrated on the 1st of Shawwal, the Islamic month that immediately follows Ramadan. It marks the end of the dawn-to-sunset fasting of Ramadan and is a festival of breaking the fast. Shawwal is the tenth month of the Islamic lunar calendar.

The Pulitzer Prize is awarded for achievements in journalism, literature, and musical composition. Categories include newspaper reporting, fiction, nonfiction, poetry, drama, and music, making Literature and Journalism the correct choice among the options.

Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (Non-Resident Indian Day) was instituted in 2003 under Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee's leadership to honor the contributions of the Indian diaspora. Dr. Manmohan Singh became PM in 2004, after the initiative was already established. Narsimha Rao (1991-1996) and Devegowda (1996-1997) preceded Vajpayee (1998-2004).

Zakir Hussain, the legendary tabla maestro, won the Grammy Award (Best World Music Album for "Global Drum Project" in 2009, and later in 2023 for "Pashto" alongside Bela Fleck). Bismillah Khan (shehnai) and Bhimsen Joshi (vocal) received Padma Vibhushan and other Indian honors, while A.R. Rahman won Oscars for Slumdog Millionaire the same year.