Cybersecurity Fundamentals

Nessus is a popular open-source vulnerability scanner used to identify security vulnerabilities in networks, systems, and applications.

A firewall's primary function is to detect and block unauthorized access to a network by monitoring incoming and outgoing traffic and enforcing security policies.

Ransomware is a type of malware that encrypts files on a victim's computer and demands a ransom payment to decrypt them, making them inaccessible to the user.

Risk assessment is the process of identifying, assessing, and prioritizing security risks to determine their potential impact on an organization's assets and operations.

A DDoS attack (Distributed Denial of Service attack) involves sending a large volume of traffic to a website or server to overwhelm it and make it unavailable to legitimate users.

A SIEM system's primary purpose is to collect and analyze security logs and alerts from various sources to provide a centralized view of security events and help detect and respond to security incidents.

Phishing is a type of cyberattack that involves tricking a user into clicking a malicious link or opening a malicious attachment, often disguised as legitimate, to steal sensitive information such as passwords or financial data.

Penetration testing involves simulating a cyberattack on a system to identify vulnerabilities and weaknesses that could be exploited by attackers.

Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of cyberattack that involves injecting malicious code into a legitimate website or application, allowing an attacker to execute malicious scripts in a user's browser.

Incident response is the process of responding to and recovering from a security incident, including containing the incident, eradicating the threat, and restoring normal operations.

A buffer overflow is a type of cyberattack that involves exploiting a vulnerability in software to gain unauthorized access to a system by overflowing a buffer with more data than it can hold.

Encryption is the process of converting data into a form that cannot be easily understood or accessed without a key or password.

SQL injection is a type of cyberattack that involves exploiting a vulnerability in a web application to gain unauthorized access to data or execute malicious code by injecting malicious SQL statements into input fields.

Encryption is the process of converting data into a form that cannot be easily understood or accessed without a key or password.

A man-in-the-middle attack is a type of cyberattack that involves exploiting a vulnerability in a network protocol to gain unauthorized access to a system by intercepting and modifying communications between two parties.