Introduction to Indian Philosophical Schools and Concepts

Jainism, founded by Mahavira, is known for its emphasis on non-violence (ahimsa) and compassion (karuna) towards all living beings.

Advaita Vedanta, propounded by Adi Shankara, emphasizes the concept of Brahman, the ultimate reality that is one and without a second.

Nyaya, founded by Gautama, is known for its emphasis on logical reasoning, epistemology, and the study of valid knowledge.

Mimamsa, founded by Jaimini, focuses on the study of the Vedas and aims to understand and interpret the sacred texts to determine the proper way to perform rituals and achieve dharma.

Samkhya, founded by Kapila, emphasizes the concept of karma, the law of cause and effect, and the cycle of reincarnation.

Yoga, founded by Patanjali, emphasizes the concept of samadhi, a state of deep meditation and union with the divine.

Vedanta, founded by various sages and philosophers, emphasizes the concept of moksha, liberation from the cycle of rebirth, and the realization of the true nature of reality.

Vaisheshika, founded by Kanada, is known for its emphasis on atomism, the theory that all matter is composed of indivisible particles called atoms.

Mimamsa, founded by Jaimini, emphasizes the concept of dharma, the proper way to conduct oneself in accordance with the sacred texts.

Charvaka, founded by Brihaspati, emphasizes the concept of hedonism, the pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain.

Vedanta, founded by various sages and philosophers, emphasizes the concept of maya, the illusion that conceals the true nature of reality.

Samkhya, founded by Kapila, emphasizes the concept of dualism, the division of reality into two fundamental principles: purusha (consciousness) and prakriti (matter).

Mimamsa, founded by Jaimini, emphasizes the concept of artha, the pursuit of material prosperity and success.

Yoga, founded by Patanjali, emphasizes the concept of samadhi, a state of deep meditation and union with the divine.

Mimamsa, founded by Jaimini, emphasizes the concept of kama, the pursuit of sensual pleasure and enjoyment.