Role of Government in Promoting Linguistic Diversity in India

Article 351 of the Indian Constitution states that it is the duty of the Union to promote the spread of the Hindi language, to develop it so that it may serve as a medium of expression for all the elements of the composite culture of India and to secure its enrichment by assimilating without interfering with its genius, the forms, style and expressions used in Hindustani and in the other languages of India.

The Central Institute of Indian Languages (CIIL) is an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Education, Government of India. It is the nodal agency for the development of Indian languages and for the promotion of multilingualism in the country.

Hindi is the official language of the Union of India, as per the Constitution of India. However, English is also used as an official language for certain purposes, such as communication between the Union and the States, and for use in the Supreme Court and High Courts.

The Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat program was launched by the Government of India in 2014 to promote the teaching of Indian languages in schools. The program aims to improve the quality of language education and to make it more accessible to students from all backgrounds.

The Indian Constitution does not guarantee the right to vote in mother tongue. However, it does guarantee the right to education in mother tongue, the right to use mother tongue in courts, and the right to establish and administer educational institutions.

The Sahitya Akademi is an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Culture, Government of India. It provides financial assistance to authors and publishers of books in Indian languages, as well as organizes literary events and awards.

Sanskrit is recognized as the classical language of India, as per the Constitution of India. Tamil, Kannada, and Telugu are also recognized as classical languages, but they were added to the list later.

The Central Hindi Directorate is an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Education, Government of India. It is responsible for promoting the use of Hindi in official communication and for developing Hindi language resources.

Marathi is not included in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution. The Eighth Schedule lists 22 languages that are recognized as official languages of India.

The Post-Matric Scholarship Scheme is a government scheme that provides financial assistance to students from linguistic minorities to study in higher education institutions. The scheme covers tuition fees, maintenance allowance, and other expenses.

Urdu is recognized as the associate official language of the State of Jammu and Kashmir, as per the Constitution of India.

The National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language is an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Education, Government of India. It is responsible for promoting the use of Urdu in official communication and for developing Urdu language resources.

Tamil is recognized as the official language of the State of Tamil Nadu, as per the Constitution of India.

The National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language provides financial assistance to authors and publishers of books in Urdu.

Bengali is recognized as the official language of the State of West Bengal, as per the Constitution of India.