Hindu Mythology & World Geography

Portugal is a Western European country that borders only Spain. It was the birthplace of explorers like Vasco da Gama and Ferdinand Magellan. Gibraltar is a British territory, Morocco is in Africa, and France borders multiple countries including Spain, Germany, and Belgium.

Poland is in Central Europe, borders Germany and Czech Republic (among others), has Warsaw as its capital, and is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships. Switzerland is also Central European but has a different capital (Bern) and administrative structure. Sweden and Norway are in Northern Europe.

Sudan's capital is Khartoum, Arabic is its official language, and it is located in north-eastern Africa. Chad's capital is N'Djamena, Uganda's is Kampala, and Ethiopia's is Addis Ababa. Sudan matches all three clues given in the riddle-style description.

Greenland is a large island territory that belongs to Denmark, located off the northeast coast of North America. About 80% of Greenland is covered by an ice cap, and it has a very small population of around 56,000 people. Iceland is an independent country, Denmark is in Europe, and Canada is the mainland country to the west.

Turkey is a transcontinental country located in both Europe and Asia. It borders Greece to the west and Iran to the east, with the Bosphorus Strait separating its European and Asian parts. Bulgaria and Hungary are entirely in Europe, while Syria is in Asia but doesn't border Greece.

Chad is a landlocked country in Africa with N'Djamena as its capital. The northern part of Chad is covered by the Sahara Desert, while the southern part has more savanna terrain. Libya's capital is Tripoli, Nigeria's is Abuja, and Niger's capital is Niamey.

Iceland is a small island country in the North Atlantic Ocean. Despite its name suggesting ice, Iceland has a surprisingly mild climate due to the Gulf Stream, while Greenland is mostly ice-covered. Iceland is famous for its Norse sagas and medieval literature. Denmark, Sweden, and Finland are all mainland Scandinavian countries.

Brazil has an area of approximately 3.3 million square miles (8.5 million sq km), making it the largest country in South America and fifth largest in the world. It is world-renowned for producing legendary football players like Pelé, Ronaldo, and Neymar, and Portuguese is its official language. Bolivia and Argentina are Spanish-speaking, while Portugal is in Europe.

Japan is an island chain off the eastern coast of Asia and is the home of Godzilla, the iconic monster created by Japanese cinema in 1954. Myanmar is on the mainland, while both Koreas are part of the same peninsula but are not associated with the Godzilla franchise.

Ecuador's capital is Quito, the country is slightly smaller than Nevada (approximately 109,000 sq miles vs 111,000 sq miles), and Spanish is its official language. Argentina's capital is Buenos Aires, Colombia's (note: misspelled in option as 'Columbia') is Bogotá, and Peru's capital is Lima.

Jambavan (spelled as 'jaambhavan' in the question) reminded Hanuman of his extraordinary powers during the search for Sita. When the vanara army was despondent about crossing the ocean to Lanka, Jambavan, the wise bear king, reminded Hanuman of his divine lineage and abilities, which Hanuman had forgotten in his humility. This reminder enabled Hanuman to leap across the ocean and find Sita.

When Ravana ordered Hanuman's execution after his tail was set on fire, Vibhishana pleaded for Hanuman's life, citing the diplomatic principle that an envoy should not be killed. Vibhishana, Ravana's righteous brother who had earlier counselled returning Sita, argued that killing Hanuman would be against dharma and established conventions regarding messengers. This intervention saved Hanuman's life.

According to the Ramayana tradition, the gem (Chudamani) that Sita sent back with Hanuman was originally presented to her by her father Janaka. This gem was a symbol of her marital status and identity. When Hanuman found Sita in Lanka, she gave him this gem as proof that he had indeed met her and as a message for Rama. The other options (Anasuya, Lord Shiva, Bhooma Devi) are not associated with this particular gem in the Ramayana.

The medicinal herb brought by Hanuman from the Dronagiri mountains is called Sanjeevani. This life-restoring herb was needed to save Lakshmana, who had been critically wounded by Indrajit's spear during the battle. The name 'Sanjeevani' literally relates to bringing back life or prolonging life, which is exactly what the herb did - it revived Lakshmana from near death. The other options are incorrect names or variations.

When Hanuman returned ahead of Rama, he found Bharata at Nandigrama, where Bharata was ruling as regent. Bharata was so grief-stricken thinking Rama would not return, he was about to enter fire. Hanuman arrived just in time with the news of Rama's imminent return.

Mainaka Parvatha rose from the ocean depths to offer Hanuman rest during his flight to Lanka. The mountain, which had wings, was asked by the ocean to help Hanuman. Hanuman declined the rest but touched the mountain respectfully. Rishyamukh and Mahendra Parvatha are other locations, and Himalayas is the range.

Indrajit used the Brahmastra on Hanuman when Hanuman was captured and brought before Ravana. The Brahmastra was a powerful divine weapon that rendered Hanuman unconscious temporarily. Pashupatastra, Narayanastra, and Varunastra are other astras but not used in this context.

When baby Hanuman flew up to catch the sun (mistaking it for a fruit), Indra struck him with his thunderbolt (Vajra). This broke Hanuman's jaw and earned him the name 'Hanuman' (one with a broken jaw). Varuna, Surya, and Yama are other deities not involved in this incident.

Surasa, a demoness sent by the gods, obstructed Hanuman during his flight to Lanka by demanding he enter her mouth. Hanuman met this challenge by growing in size, forcing Surasa to expand, then suddenly shrinking and entering. Trijataa, Lankini, and Surpanakha are other demonesses in different contexts.

Hanuman initially mistook Mandodari for Sita when he first saw her in Ashoka Vana. Mandodari, Ravana's chief queen, resembled Sita in beauty and was praying near Sita. Surpanakha, Lankini, and Simhika are other characters not confused with Sita.