Civil Rights Movements and Activism

Rosa Parks is widely recognized as the 'Mother of the Civil Rights Movement' for her refusal to give up her seat on a bus to a white man in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1955.

In 1954, the Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, overturning the previous 'separate but equal' doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson.

The Birmingham Campaign was a nonviolent protest movement led by Martin Luther King Jr. in Birmingham, Alabama, in 1963, aimed at desegregating the city and securing civil rights for African Americans.

Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee, while supporting a strike by sanitation workers.

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a landmark civil rights legislation that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in employment, public accommodations, and government programs.

Malcolm X was a prominent civil rights leader known for his advocacy of black nationalism and self-defense. He was a member of the Nation of Islam and later founded the Organization of Afro-American Unity.

The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a nonviolent protest movement led by Martin Luther King Jr. in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1955, in response to the arrest of Rosa Parks for refusing to give up her seat on a bus to a white man.

Medgar Evers was a civil rights leader known for his work in Mississippi. He was the field secretary for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in Mississippi and was assassinated in 1963.

The Selma to Montgomery March was a nonviolent protest march led by Martin Luther King Jr. from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama, in 1965, to secure voting rights for African Americans.

James Meredith was the first African American to enroll at the University of Mississippi in 1962, despite facing intense opposition and violence.

In 1967, the Supreme Court ruled in Loving v. Virginia that laws prohibiting interracial marriage were unconstitutional, legalizing interracial marriage in the United States.

Fred Hampton was a civil rights leader known for his work in the Black Panther Party. He was assassinated by the Chicago Police Department in 1969.

In 2015, the Supreme Court ruled in Obergefell v. Hodges that laws against same-sex marriage were unconstitutional, legalizing same-sex marriage in the United States.

Martin Luther King Jr. was a civil rights leader known for his work in the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). He was assassinated in 1968.

The March on Washington was a nonviolent protest march led by Martin Luther King Jr. in Washington, D.C., in 1963, to demand civil rights for African Americans.