Biogas primarily consists of methane (CH4), which is a potent greenhouse gas.

Methane is produced through the anaerobic digestion of organic matter, a process in which microorganisms break down organic materials in the absence of oxygen.

Methane has a high energy density compared to other forms of energy storage, meaning it can store a significant amount of energy in a small volume.

Methane can be stored underground in depleted natural gas reservoirs, above-ground in pressurized tanks, or in salt caverns.

Methane is a flammable gas, and leaks can occur during storage and transportation, posing safety and environmental risks.

Methane energy storage has potential applications in balancing intermittent renewable energy sources, providing backup power during grid outages, and storing excess energy from industrial processes.

Methane combustion is the process of burning methane to generate heat, which can then be used to drive a turbine and generate electricity.

The efficiency of methane energy storage systems is influenced by the efficiency of the methane production, storage, and conversion processes.

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, and its release into the atmosphere can contribute to climate change.

Gas turbines, fuel cells, and Stirling engines are all technologies that can be used to convert methane to electricity.

Methane's high energy density makes it an attractive fuel for transportation, as it can provide a significant amount of energy in a small volume.

The flammability of methane, the difficulty in storing methane in vehicles, and the lack of infrastructure for methane refueling are all potential challenges associated with the use of methane as a transportation fuel.

Methane reforming is the primary method for producing synthetic methane. In this process, methane is reacted with steam and a catalyst to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide, which can then be combined to form synthetic methane.

Synthetic methane has a higher energy density than natural gas, can be produced from renewable energy sources, and has lower emissions than natural gas.

The high cost of producing synthetic methane, the lack of infrastructure for synthetic methane production, and the environmental impacts of synthetic methane production are all challenges associated with the production of synthetic methane.