Indian Astrology and Astronomy in the Classical Period

The Yajurveda contains hymns and rituals related to astrology and astronomy, including the calculation of planetary positions and the prediction of eclipses.

Aryabhata is credited with developing the heliocentric model of the solar system, which places the Sun at the center and the Earth and other planets revolving around it.

The Aryabhatiya is a seminal work in Indian astronomy that contains groundbreaking theories, including the Earth's rotation on its axis, the heliocentric model, and the calculation of planetary positions.

Bhaskara II, also known as Bhaskaracharya, proposed the idea of an elliptical orbit for planets, which was a significant advancement in astronomical understanding.

The Jantar Mantar is a collection of architectural astronomical instruments built by Maharaja Jai Singh II in various cities across India, including Delhi, Jaipur, Ujjain, and Varanasi.

Brahmagupta developed the concept of the 'sine' function in trigonometry, which is essential for calculating angles and distances in astronomy and other fields.

The quadrant was an astronomical instrument used in ancient India to measure the altitude of celestial bodies above the horizon.

Varahamihira wrote the treatise 'Brihat Samhita', which is an encyclopedic work covering various topics including astrology, astronomy, architecture, and gemology.

The Indian calendar that is based on the lunar cycle is commonly known as the Lunar Calendar or the Hindu Lunar Calendar.

Brahmagupta developed the concept of 'zero' and the decimal system, which revolutionized mathematics and astronomy.

The sundial was an astronomical instrument used in ancient India to measure the time of day based on the position of the Sun.

Varahamihira developed the concept of 'grahas' or planetary influences in astrology, which is a key aspect of Indian astrology.

The armillary sphere was an astronomical instrument used in ancient India to represent the celestial sphere and demonstrate the movements of celestial bodies.

Varahamihira developed the concept of 'karanas' or astronomical periods used in astrology, which are based on the positions of the Sun, Moon, and other planets.