The Enlightenment

The Enlightenment was characterized by a rejection of traditional authority, including the divine right of kings.

René Descartes is often considered the father of the Enlightenment because of his emphasis on the power of human reason and his belief that the world could be understood through scientific inquiry.

The Encyclopédistes were a group of French intellectuals who were responsible for compiling the Encyclopédie, a massive work that sought to summarize all of human knowledge.

The Encyclopédie had multiple goals, including promoting the Enlightenment, spreading scientific knowledge, and undermining the authority of the Church.

Thomas Hobbes was a 17th-century English philosopher who is not typically considered to be an Enlightenment thinker.

John Locke's political theory included social contract theory, natural rights theory, and the separation of powers.

Montesquieu's political theory included the separation of powers, checks and balances, and the rule of law.

The Salon of Madame de Rambouillet was a 17th-century salon, not an Enlightenment salon.

Jansenism, Gallicanism, and Febronianism were all movements that sought to reform the Catholic Church in the 18th century.

The belief in the divine right of kings was a traditional idea that was rejected by the Enlightenment.

Hegel was a 19th-century German philosopher who is not typically considered to be an Enlightenment philosopher.

The circulation of the blood was discovered by William Harvey in the 17th century, not during the Enlightenment.

The Russian Revolution was a 20th-century revolution, not an Enlightenment revolution.

The Wealth of Nations was written by Adam Smith in the 18th century, but it is not typically considered to be an Enlightenment literary work.

Baroque was a 17th-century artistic movement, not an Enlightenment movement.