Basic Chemistry Fundamentals

Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons. Fluorine has the highest electronegativity of all the elements, meaning that it has the strongest attraction for electrons.

Sodium chloride is a compound composed of sodium and chlorine atoms. The chemical formula for sodium chloride is NaCl, which indicates that there is one sodium atom and one chlorine atom in each molecule.

Noble gases are elements that are very stable and do not react with other elements. Helium, neon, argon, and krypton are all noble gases.

Water is a compound composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. The chemical formula for water is H2O, which indicates that there are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom in each molecule.

A covalent compound is a compound in which the atoms are held together by covalent bonds. Carbon dioxide is a covalent compound because the carbon and oxygen atoms are held together by covalent bonds.

Sulfuric acid is a compound composed of hydrogen, sulfur, and oxygen atoms. The chemical formula for sulfuric acid is H2SO4, which indicates that there are two hydrogen atoms, one sulfur atom, and four oxygen atoms in each molecule.

Metals are elements that are shiny, malleable, and ductile. Sodium is a metal because it is shiny, malleable, and ductile.

Glucose is a compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. The chemical formula for glucose is C6H12O6, which indicates that there are six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms in each molecule.

Nonmetals are elements that are not shiny, malleable, or ductile. Hydrogen is a nonmetal because it is not shiny, malleable, or ductile.

Sodium hydroxide is a compound composed of sodium, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. The chemical formula for sodium hydroxide is NaOH, which indicates that there is one sodium atom, one hydrogen atom, and one oxygen atom in each molecule.

Organic compounds are compounds that contain carbon atoms. Methane is an organic compound because it contains carbon atoms.

Hydrochloric acid is a compound composed of hydrogen and chlorine atoms. The chemical formula for hydrochloric acid is HCl, which indicates that there is one hydrogen atom and one chlorine atom in each molecule.

Greenhouse gases are gases that trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas because it traps heat in the Earth's atmosphere.

Nitric acid is a compound composed of hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms. The chemical formula for nitric acid is HNO3, which indicates that there is one hydrogen atom, one nitrogen atom, and three oxygen atoms in each molecule.