Nutrition and Physical Activity

Macronutrients are nutrients that the body needs in large amounts to provide energy and build and repair tissues. Protein is one of the three macronutrients, along with carbohydrates and fats.

Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy. They are broken down into glucose, which is then used for energy by cells throughout the body.

Micronutrients are nutrients that the body needs in small amounts to function properly. Iron is a micronutrient that is essential for the production of red blood cells.

The recommended daily intake of fruits and vegetables is 5-9 servings per day. This amount provides the body with essential vitamins, minerals, and fiber.

Lean meat is a healthy source of protein because it is low in saturated fat and cholesterol. Processed meat, fried chicken, and bacon are all high in saturated fat and cholesterol, which can increase the risk of heart disease.

The recommended amount of physical activity for adults is 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week, or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity activity per week.

Regular physical activity has many benefits, including reducing the risk of heart disease, improving sleep, and strengthening bones and muscles.

Energy balance refers to the balance between the calories consumed and the calories burned. When energy intake is equal to energy expenditure, energy balance is maintained.

A positive energy balance, where energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, can lead to weight gain, increased body fat, and feeling tired and lethargic.

Metabolism refers to the process of converting food into energy. It involves the breakdown of food into smaller molecules, which are then used to produce energy.

Protein is a macronutrient that provides energy and helps build and repair tissues. It is found in foods such as meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, and beans.

The recommended daily intake of added sugar for adults is 25 grams. Added sugar is sugar that is added to foods during processing or preparation, such as sugar in candy, soda, and baked goods.

Vitamin C is a micronutrient that helps the body absorb iron. It is found in foods such as citrus fruits, strawberries, tomatoes, and bell peppers.

Digestion is the process of breaking down food into smaller molecules. It involves the mechanical breakdown of food by chewing and the chemical breakdown of food by enzymes.

Aerobic exercise is a type of physical activity that involves repetitive, rhythmic movements and uses oxygen to produce energy. Examples of aerobic exercise include running, swimming, and cycling.