Specialised financial institutions - class-XI

Receivable turnover ratio = Net credits sale/ Average accounts receivable = 10
and average collection period  =360
receivables turnover ratio = 36
Hence a receivable turnover ratio of 10 implies that the credit sales are 10 times the average receivables or in other words receivables are generated 10 times during the year.

NABARD is entrusted by government for development of rural areas in India. Small industries, village industries and cottage industries are the most prevailing industries in rural parts of India, with limited amount of finances. Hence, The NABARD provides refinancing facilities to such industries.

Each member bank of the group banking system retains its separate entity and maintains its board of directors but however, the group banking system enjoy the benefits of centralized administration. 

Merchant bank and investment banks both provide advice to companies regarding potential mergers and also provide investment research to those companies.

Just as investment banks, industrial banks sell certificates that are labelled as investment share. This helps public to invest in such bonds and certificates through industrial banks. Hence, Industrial banks are also known as investment banks.

German banking system is the best example of mixed banking system. German banks perform large variety of functions which includes functions of a commercial bank as well as investment bank. These banks can also be called as universal banks.

Unit Banking System refers to a single and usually small banks providing financial services to local people. Such banks do not have any connecting branches. The concept of Unit Banking System was originated in USA.

RBI stands for Reserve Bank of India, RBI commenced with its operations from 1st April 1935. The Reserve Bank Staff college was set up by RBI  for training their existing staff with specified banking skills. 

The IFCI was the first development bank owned by government of India post independence. The main focus  was to cater to the long term financial needs of the industrial sector. 

Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research is located in Mumbai. It was established by RBI in 1987 on the occasion of its golden jubilee . It is an advanced research institution.

The Bankers Training college was set up by RBI to provide better banking and economic knowledge to aspiring bankers. It is located in Mumbai.

NABARD is an apex development financial institution of India. It was established in 1982 with regards to policy, planning and operations in the field of credit for agriculture and other economic activities in rural parts of India.

National Bank of Agricultural and Rural Development was established in 1982 and has been entrusted with planning, policy and operations in the field of credit for agriculture and other economic activities in rural areas of India.

The Reserve Bank of India was nationalized on the basis of Reserve Bank of India (Transfer to public ownership)act, 1948. After the nationalization, all shares in the capital of the bank was deemed transferred to the central government on payment of suitable compensation.

Industrial Credit Department was set up to administer the Credit Guarantee Scheme for small scale industries. This step was taken by RBI to promote industrial Finance.

Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research is located in Mumbai and was established by RBI. The reason for establishing this institution is to research on developmental issues. It also contains one of the largest social sciences library in Asia.

The College of Agricultural Banking was set up by RBI  in the Pune city of Maharashtra to educate rural people regarding agricultural banking and other related fields.

The banking ombudsman scheme was introduced by RBI under section 35 A of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 with effect from 1995. Under this scheme, a banking ombudsman who is a senior official is appointed. He/she handles and redresses the customer complaints against deficiency in certain banking services. 

Nationalized bank are the public sector banks. All the regional rural banks are owned by either central government or state government.

The idea of establishing Regional Rural Banks was mooted in the Twenty Point Programme of July 1975. It was established to serve the credit needs of the rural people.  

Regional Rural Bank (RRB) was established under the provision of an Ordinance and the RRB Act, 1976. RRBs are the created with the view to cater to rural areas of India with basic banking and financial services. They have banking operations in different states of India. 

Due to the financial crisis and failure of large banks, to keep a close watch  and supervision was required to avoid recurrence of many financial crisis. Hence, the Board for Financial Supervision was set up by RBI. The object was to pay at most attention to the supervision of the institution in the financial sector.

Nationalized Bank are the public sector banks, mostly owned by the state. All the Regional Rural Banks are owned by either central government or state government.  Hence, nationalized banks sponsor Regional Banks for greater rural development and availability of basic banking activities in rural areas. 

Dantwala committee led by Mohanlal Lallubhai Dantwala recommended in 1978 that RRB's should become an integral part of rural credit structure. It also recommended block level planning.  

Banking Ombudsman scheme was introduced under section 35 A of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 with effect from 1995. Under Banking Ombudsman scheme, banking ombudsman is appointed by RBi he is a senior official. The official handles and redress customer complaints against deficiency in certain banking services. 

Long term agricultural credits are provided for land improvement, digging of wells, buying farm animals, purchase of machinery. Most of the expenses are relating to agriculture and other allied land development activities. Such long term agricultural credit is provided by Land Development Bank.

The government of India enacted The Deposit Insurance Corporation Act in 1961. The whole objective of DIC was to provide necessary protection to the depositors from the risk of losing their deposits  and to inspire public confidence in the banking system.  

The Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI) was established as the apex institution to coordinate the activities of other financial institutions involved in financing, promoting, and developing industries in India.

IDBI stands for Industrial Development Bank of India. IDBI was established by the parliament to provide credit and there financial facilities to the developing industries of India.IDBi was made an autonomous institution as its ownership passed on from Reserve Bank of India to the government of India.

E- banking refers to electronic banking. E- banking functions with the help of internet and the financial institution's website, hence a lot of data regarding one's account number, bank details etc are required to carry out a transaction. High secrecy is maintained by E-banking system to keep the numbers hidden.

IDBI stands for Industrial Development Bank of India. IDBI was established by the parliament to provide credit and there financial facilities to the developing industries of India. It is owned by the government of India. 

Off shore bank refers to the bank located in a jurisdiction away from where the account holder or depositor resides. As E-banking doesn't require the account holder to be physically present in the bank to make the transaction, off-shore banking becomes much easier with the help of E-banking

industrial financial corporation of india was established in 1948 by goverment of india

Development banks perform all these functions: providing risk capital, offering medium and long-term loans, guaranteeing loans, and assisting in the establishment of new industrial projects.

The Industrial Bank of Japan (IBJ), established in 1902, is widely recognized in economic history as the first development bank of its kind.

IFCI (industrial financial corporation of india) was first development bank of india in 1948

Electronic banking is also known as Online banking, virtual banking. E banking refers to electronic payment system that enables a customer to conduct certain banking activities and transaction through internet via a the financial institute's website.

Risk Capital refers to the funds used for high-risk investments. Risk Capital foundation was set up by IFCI in 1975  with a view to encourage entrepreneurship and increase entrepreneurial base by providing start up capital for setting up green field projects.  

IDBI stands for Industrial Development Bank of India. It constituted under the under the Industrial Development Bank of India Act, 1964. IDBI was established by the parliament to provide credit and there financial facilities to the developing industries of India. It is owned by the government of India. 

The Industrial Finance Corporation of India was established after the independence under the Industrial Finance Corporation Act, 1948. It is owned by the government of India. It was set up to cater to the long term financial needs of industrial sector of India.

IDBI stands for Industrial Development Bank of India. It was established under the Industrial Development Bank of India Act, 1964. The main objective for this establishment was to set up an apex institution to coordinate the activities of other financial institution.

The Industrial Finance Corporation of India (IFCI) was converted into a public limited company in July 1993 to allow for greater flexibility and private participation.

IDBI stands for Industrial Development Bank of India. IDBI is an apex financial institution in the arena of development banking. It provides financial assistance in the form of long term loans, debentures, etc to industries which helps an all round development of small industries, large industries, medium industries, industries providing transportation service.

IFCI stands for Industrial Finance Corporation of India. Term- lending refers to loan term loans which extend upto more than one year. IFCI is was established after independence owned by Indian government and it caters to the long term financial needs of industrial sector. 

IDBI can assist industrial concerns indirectly also by financing those banks and financial institutions who are lending to industrial concerns. All above listed financial institutions cater to an industry's financial needs and also to the development of industries all over India. 

IDBI stands for Industrial Development Bank of India. It was established under the Industrial Development Bank of India Act, 1964. The ownership of IDBI has been transferred to the central government. It was done to achieve more effective coordination among all financial institutions of India and the enlarge the role of IDBI as the apex financial institution.

The Unit Trust of India (UTI) historically managed various schemes, including those related to soft loans for industrial development, though the role of development banks in India is often shared among institutions like IDBI and IFCI.

SFC stands for State Finance Corporation. It promotes medium and small industries of the particular states and also ensures balanced regional development, employment generation and vast ownership of industries.

IFCI supports industrial development through a variety of means, including direct financial assistance, promotional activities, and efforts to diversify industries in underdeveloped regions.

Risk capital and Technology Finance Corporation (RCTFC), a subsidiary of the Industrial Finance Corporation of India, plans to promote new technologies for industrial use in a big way. Under its scheme, newly-developed technologies would be bought over from scientists, who would be given financial assistance to embark on full-scale commercial projects. 

IFCI stands for Industrial Finance Corporation of India. It performs a role of financier by providing long term loans to industrial sector of India for its functions. It also plays a role of promoter by promoting development of  industries and economy of the country.

The company Risk capital foundation was converted into the Risk capital and technology finance corporation in 1988 when IFCI introduced the technology and finance and development scheme for financing development and commercialization of indigenous technology. 

SFC stands for State Finance Corporations. It promotes medium and small industries of the particular states and also ensures balanced regional development, employment generation and vast ownership of industries. The Sate Financial Corporation Act was later amended in 1962 under State Financial Corporation (Amendment) Act, 1962.

The IFCi has set up the following:

Installment Credit Scheme was introduced by IFCI. Under this scheme, better flexibility in repayment period and simplicity in interest calculation is provided. To avail this scheme, the company should have satisfactory track record of its credit worthiness and financial position.

• First, the main function of the IFCI is to provide medium and long-term loans and advances to industrial and manufacturing concerns. It looks into a few factors before granting any loans. They study the importance of the industry in our national economy, the overall cost of the project, and finally the quality of the product and the management of the company. If the above factors have satisfactory results the IFCI will grant the loan.

The UTI started its operation with effect from July, 1964. The Unit Trust was set up under the Unit
Trust of India Act  1963.It was set up by the Reserve Bank of India. It
largely deals with the mutual funds.

SFC stands for State Finance Corporations. It promotes medium and small industries of the particular states and also ensures balanced regional development, employment generation and vast ownership of industries.

SEBI stands for Securities and Exchange Board of India. It is an regulatory authority. It was established in 1988.

The SFCs can sanction loans and advances to industrial concerns for a period of not exceeding 20 years. SFC stands for Securities Future Commission. It deals with securities.

The Unit Trust was set up under the Unit Trust of India Act  1963.It was set up by the Reserve Bank of India. It largely deals with the mutual funds.

 State Bank of India currently ranks number one in India in terms of market capitalization. SBI is a public sector banking company. SBI headquatered in Mumbai, Maharashtra.

SIDBI was set up as a subsidiary of IDBI to take over the of function of small business financing of IDBI. It is set up for managing the small, micro and medium enterprises of the economy. It is set up by a special Parliamentary Act of India.

The government of India, in order to solve the problems of industrial sickness had set up a Board of Industrial and Financial Reconstruction under the purview of sick industrial companies act, 1985. Hence, BIFR is responsible for the revival of Public Sector Enterprises.

Share capital, banking and other financial institutions and unorganized capital markets are financial factors. These capital markets helps to provide financial assistance to the company mainly. These institutions also perform certain secondary functions as well.

There are various avenues for organizations to raise funds internationally. Modern companies depend upon sizeable borrowings from the international capital market. Financial Instruments like the Global Depository Receipts, American Depository Receipts, Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds are used in international capital market.

An instrument can be negotiated even if it is conditional on some future
event, or if the amount to be paid will be determined at some future
date- this is a false statement about the negotiable instrument. Negotiable instruments refers to the document which guarantees payment for specific amount of money.