Tamil society-1 Role of Tamil Nadu

The Quit India resolution was passed on August 8, 1942, at the Gowalia Tank Maidan in Bombay.

E.V. Ramasamy (Periyar) organized the anti-Hindi conference in Salem to protest against the imposition of Hindi.

The Temple Entry Authorization and Indemnity Act of 1939 was a significant legislative step in the movement for social reform in Madras Presidency.

A. Vaidyanatha Iyer and L.N. Gopalaswamy were key figures in the temple entry movement at the Meenakshi Amman temple.

T. Prakasam (Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu) was a prominent freedom fighter from Andhra Pradesh who advocated for peasants' rights. His efforts led to the appointment of a committee to investigate conditions in zamindari areas, addressing landlord exploitation.

C. Rajagopalachari introduced the sales tax in the Madras Presidency during his tenure as Premier.

Bhashyam, a freedom fighter, was known as Arya for his role in the national movement.

T. Prakasam and K. Nageswara Rao led satyagrahis who set up a camp at Udayavanam near Madras as part of the Civil Disobedience Movement. This was a strategic location for organizing protests during the freedom struggle.

Rukmani Lakshmipathy was the first woman in the Madras Presidency to be arrested and pay a penalty for violating the salt laws.

The Vedaranyam salt march, led by Rajaji, reached its destination on April 28, 1930.

The Vedaranyam salt march started from Trichy on April 13, 1930.

C. Rajagopalachari led the salt satyagraha march from Trichy to Vedaranyam in the Madras Presidency.

Mahatma Gandhi started the Dandi Salt March on March 12, 1930.

The Purna Swaraj declaration was celebrated on January 26, 1930, following the Lahore session resolution.

Jawaharlal Nehru hoisted the tricolor flag on the banks of the Ravi River in Lahore in December 1929.

The statue of Colonel Neil, a symbol of British oppression, was removed from its site and moved to the Madras Museum in 1937.

The Salt Satyagraha in the Madras Presidency, specifically at Vedaranyam, was led by C. Rajagopalachari, but the local organization and mobilization involved key figures like T.S.S. Rajan and Somayajulu. Given the context of the Madras Salt Satyagraha, Somayajulu is recognized for his leadership role in the march.

The Neil Statue Satyagraha in Madras was a significant protest movement aimed at removing the statue of Colonel James Neill, which was successfully removed in 1927.

The Simon Commission visited Madras on 18 February 1929 as part of its tour across India to review the constitutional reforms.

The Simon Commission, also known as the Indian Statutory Commission, was appointed in 1927 to report on the working of the Government of India Act 1919.

In 1926, despite the Swarajist Party winning a majority of seats in the Madras Legislative Council, they refused to form the government due to their policy of obstructionism. Consequently, P. Subbarayan formed an independent ministry.

The Swaraj Party in the Madras Presidency was effectively led by S. Srinivasa Iyengar and S. Satyamurthy, who were prominent figures in the regional political landscape.

The Cheranmahadevi Gurukulam was established by V.V. Subramanianar, a prominent nationalist leader, to provide education based on traditional values.

Periyar E.V. Ramasamy raised concerns regarding the discriminatory practices at the Cheranmahadevi Gurukulam, often working alongside other leaders like Varadarajulu to highlight these social issues.

The social struggle to gain access to the roads around the Vaikom temple was a major movement that saw success in 1925, when the ban was finally lifted.

Due to his pivotal role and leadership in the Vaikom Satyagraha, Periyar E.V. Ramasamy earned the title 'Vaikom Hero'.

The visit of the Prince of Wales to Madras was met with widespread protests and boycotts on 13 January 1922 as part of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

During the Civil Disobedience Movement, the no-tax campaign in the Madras Presidency was notably active in the Tanjore district.

C. Rajagopalachari (Rajaji) worked closely with Yakub Hasan, a prominent leader of the Khilafat movement, during the Non-Cooperation Movement in the Madras Presidency.

George Joseph was instrumental in helping the workers of the Harvey Mills in Madurai organize themselves, leading to the formation of the Madurai Labour Union in 1918.

George Joseph was affectionately called 'Rosappu Durai' by the people of Madurai due to his deep connection and service to the local community.

George Joseph was a barrister who frequently defended the poor and marginalized, earning him the reputation and title of 'People's Lawyer'.

Vaniyambadi became a significant center and epicenter for the Khilafat agitation in the Madras Presidency.

Khilafat Day was observed across India, including Tamil Nadu, on 17 April 1920 to protest the treatment of the Ottoman Empire.

The Madras Satyagraha Sabha was established by prominent leaders C. Rajagopalachari and S. Satyamurthy to organize protests against the Rowlatt Act.

Mahatma Gandhi organized a nationwide hartal and protest against the Rowlatt Act, which he referred to as the 'Black Act', on 6 April 1919.

Gandhi addressed a large public meeting on Marina Beach in Madras on 18 March 1919 to mobilize support against the Rowlatt Act.

The Rowlatt Act, officially the Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act, was passed by the Imperial Legislative Council in 1919.

Annie Besant was elected as the President of the Indian National Congress at its Calcutta session in 1917.

Annie Besant launched the Home Rule League in India in 1916, inspired by the Irish Home Rule movement.

To propagate her political views and the Home Rule movement, Annie Besant started the newspapers 'New India' and 'Commonweal'.

Tirupur Kumaran is famously known as 'Kodikatha Kumaran' because he died while holding the Indian national flag during a protest against the British.

Tirupur Kumaran was born with the name O. Kumaraswamy. He later became a prominent freedom fighter in the Tirupur region.

Tirupur Kumaran was born in Chennimalai, which is located in the Erode district of Tamil Nadu.

Kamarajar proposed the 'K-Plan' (Kamaraj Plan) to revitalize the Congress party by encouraging senior leaders to resign from ministerial posts and work for the party organization.

Kamarajar is widely known as the 'Kingmaker' in Indian politics because he played a crucial role in the selection of Lal Bahadur Shastri and Indira Gandhi as Prime Ministers.

Kamarajar served as the Chief Minister of Madras State (now Tamil Nadu) for nine years, from 1954 to 1963.

The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was a political agreement signed by Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin on March 5, 1931, before the second Round Table Conference.

Kamarajar participated in the Vedaranyam Salt Satyagraha in 1930, which was led by C. Rajagopalachari (Rajaji).

C. Rajagopalachari was often referred to as 'Chanakya' due to his sharp political acumen and strategic thinking.

The question asks 'what are the proses of Rajaji' - this appears to be a typo for 'works' or 'books'. 'Sakkravarthi Thirumagal' and 'Vyasar Virundu' are indeed among Rajaji's literary works in Tamil. He translated the Ramayana and Mahabharata and wrote several original works.

Rajaji was associated with several journals, including 'Young India', which he edited for a period while Gandhi was imprisoned.

In 1959, C. Rajagopalachari founded the Swatantra Party to oppose the socialist policies of the Indian National Congress.

C. Rajagopalachari resigned from his post as Chief Minister of Madras State in 1954 due to internal political opposition regarding his education policy.

The question is phrased confusingly; Rajaji introduced the 'Kula Kalvi Thittam' (Hereditary Education Policy), which was later opposed and eventually led to his resignation, after which Kamarajar succeeded him as CM.

Periyar E.V. Ramasamy led the anti-Hindi agitation in the late 1930s when Rajaji, as Premier of the Madras Presidency, made Hindi a compulsory subject in schools.

In 1930, C. Rajagopalachari led the Salt Satyagraha march to Vedaranyam in the Thanjavur district to break the British salt law.

C. Rajagopalachari was born in Thorapalli, a village in the Krishnagiri district of Tamil Nadu.

S. Satyamurthy was instrumental in the construction of the Poondi Reservoir, which serves as a major water source for Chennai.

S. Satyamurthy was a prominent leader who worked closely with Rajaji; the question asks who nominated him, which is often attributed to the political leadership of the time.

S. Satyamurthy is widely regarded as the political mentor of K. Kamarajar, having guided him during his early political career.

The assassination of Robert Ashe, the District Collector of Tirunelveli, by Vanchinathan was a significant event in the revolutionary movement in Tamil Nadu.

Vanchinathan shot Robert Ashe at the Maniyachi railway station on June 17, 1911.

Vanchinathan was an Indian revolutionary who was born in the town of Shencottah, which was then part of the Travancore princely state.

The Bharata Mata Society was a revolutionary organization founded in 1904 to oppose British colonial rule in India.

Nilakanta Brahmachari was a key revolutionary figure who founded and operated the Bharata Mata Society in Tamil Nadu.

Subramania Bharati became the editor of the Tamil weekly newspaper titled India in 1907, which became a powerful voice for the nationalist movement.

Chakravarthini was a Tamil monthly magazine edited by Subramania Bharati that focused on the empowerment and education of Indian women.

Bala Bharatham was an English newspaper edited by Subramania Bharati to propagate nationalist ideals among the youth.

Subramania Bharati was a prolific writer and translator who translated Tilak's works and booklets regarding the nationalist movement in Madras.

Subramania Bharati entered British India near Cuddalore in 1918 after his period of exile in Pondicherry, leading to his arrest by the British authorities.

Subramania Bharati considered Sister Nivedita, a disciple of Swami Vivekananda, as his spiritual and political teacher.

Bipin Chandra Pal, a prominent nationalist leader, was released from prison on March 9, 1907, after serving a sentence for his political activities.

The release of Bipin Chandra Pal coincided with the strike at the Coral Mill in Tuticorin, which was a significant event in the Swadeshi movement.

Aurobindo Ghosh, a prominent nationalist leader, famously hailed the labor victory at the Coral Mill as a victory for the Indian nation.

The Coral Mill strike in Tuticorin, which was supported by Swadeshi leaders, took place in 1907.

Swadeshi leaders in Tamil Nadu planned to celebrate the release of Bipin Chandra Pal as Swarajya Day to promote the cause of self-rule.

Subramaniya Siva was a dedicated freedom fighter who suffered from leprosy, which he contracted during his imprisonment by the British.

Subramaniya Siva was born in Vathalagundu, a town in the Dindigul district of Tamil Nadu.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak wrote extensively in his newspapers, Kesari and Mahratta, about the success and significance of the Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company.

V.O. Chidambaram Pillai (VOC) purchased two steamships, named S.S. Gallia and S.S. Lavo, to challenge the British shipping monopoly.

V.O. Chidambaram Pillai registered the Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company as a joint stock company in 1906.

V.O. Chidambaram Pillai attended the historic 1907 Surat session of the Indian National Congress, where the party split into moderates and extremists.

V.O. Chidambaram Pillai was a follower of Bal Gangadhar Tilak and actively preached his militant nationalist philosophy in Tamil Nadu.

The Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company operated a shipping service between Tuticorin in India and Colombo in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).

V.O. Chidambaram Pillai was instrumental in organizing workers and encouraging the formation of trade guilds and associations to protect their interests.

V.O. Chidambaram Pillai is famously known as 'Sekkilutha Semmal', which translates to 'the hero who pulled the oil press' for the sake of the country.

Bipin Chandra Pal visited Madras in 1907, and his speeches inspired many youths to join the nationalist movement.