Weavers, Iron Smelters and Factory Owners,History Class 8

The Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO) began producing steel in 1912 at its plant in Jamshedpur.

The Bhilai Steel Plant was established in 1955 with Soviet assistance and began production in 1959, utilizing iron ore from the Rajhara mines.

Dacca (Dhaka) was world-renowned in the 18th century for its fine muslin, often referred to as mulmul, which was highly prized by European traders.

The charkha and the takli were traditional, hand-operated spinning instruments used in Indian households for centuries. They were central to the spinning of yarn before the introduction of mechanized industrial methods.

The rise of industrialization in Britain led to the mass production of cheap, machine-made textiles. This flooded the Indian market and made it difficult for Indian hand-woven textiles to compete.

Khadi became a powerful symbol of nationalism and self-reliance during the Indian freedom struggle. Mahatma Gandhi promoted it to encourage Indians to boycott foreign-made cloth.

Tipu Sultan, the ruler of Mysore, died in 1799 while defending his capital, Seringapatam, during the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War.

During the First World War, British steel production was diverted to meet war demands, leading to a sharp decline in steel exports to India. This created an opportunity for Indian steel producers like TISCO to expand.

TISCO (Tata Iron and Steel Company) is located in Jamshedpur, which is in the state of Jharkhand.

The Rajhara Hills in the Durg district were known for having some of the finest iron ore in the world, which provided the necessary raw material for the Bhilai Steel Plant.

Michael Faraday, the famous scientist, studied the properties of Indian Wootz steel for four years to understand its unique strength and quality.

Wootz steel was a high-carbon steel produced by smelting iron with charcoal in closed crucibles, a technique perfected in southern India.

An 'Aurang' was a Persian term used by the East India Company to refer to a warehouse or a place where goods were collected before being exported.

The term 'Calico' is derived from Calicut (now Kozhikode) in Kerala, which was a major port for the export of cotton textiles to Europe.

The Calico Act, which banned the import of printed cotton textiles into England, was passed in 1720 to protect the local British textile industry.