Quiz on Indian Economy on the eve of independence

Infant mortality rate is defined as the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births in a given year.

At the time of independence, the female literacy rate in India was very low, recorded at approximately 7%.

The year 1921 is historically recognized as the 'year of the great divide' in India's demographic transition.

The overall literacy rate in India at the time of independence was approximately 16%.

The agricultural sector was the dominant sector during the colonial period, employing the vast majority of the population.

TISCO (Tata Iron and Steel Company) was one of the first major iron and steel industries established in India.

During the colonial period, India suffered from high birth rates, high death rates, and high infant mortality rates, all of which are characteristic of a pre-transition demographic stage.

The Battle of Plassey, which marked the beginning of British political dominance in India, took place in 1757. It was a decisive victory for the British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal.

While earlier attempts at data collection existed, the first complete and synchronized census in India was conducted in 1881 under British rule. This became the basis for decennial census operations thereafter.

The land settlement systems, such as the Zamindari system, created a class of intermediaries who extracted high rents from cultivators without investing in agricultural improvements. This led to severe stagnation and poverty among the peasantry.

Before British rule, India was known for its prosperous handicraft industries and agriculture, making it largely self-reliant. It produced enough to meet its own needs and was a major exporter of finished goods.

At the time of independence, the vast majority of the Indian population lived in rural areas and relied directly or indirectly on agriculture for their livelihood.

The drain of wealth, where profits generated in India were systematically transferred to Britain to fund their industrialization and administration, was the most significant economic impact of colonial rule.

Under British policy, India was forced to export raw materials (primary products) to feed British industries and import finished goods from Britain, effectively deindustrializing the Indian economy.

The Indian economy at independence exhibited feudal characteristics due to the land tenure systems and capitalist elements introduced by the British to facilitate trade and resource extraction.

At the time of independence, the Indian economy was predominantly agrarian, with the majority of the workforce engaged in agricultural activities.

Due to centuries of colonial exploitation, the Indian economy was left in a state of poverty and backwardness, with low industrialization and poor infrastructure.