Acids, Bases and Salts Online Quiz

Silver nitrate is used to test for halides. Silver bromide (AgBr) forms a cream-colored precipitate.

Silver nitrate reacts with chloride ions to form silver chloride (AgCl), which is a white precipitate.

Iron(III) ions (Fe3+) react with hydroxide ions to form iron(III) hydroxide, which is a red/brown precipitate.

Copper(II) ions (Cu2+) react with sodium hydroxide to form copper(II) hydroxide, which is a characteristic blue precipitate.

Iron(II) ions (Fe2+) react with sodium hydroxide to form iron(II) hydroxide, which is a green precipitate.

Oxygen supports combustion, so a glowing splint will reignite in its presence.

Hydrogen gas reacts explosively with oxygen in the air when ignited, producing a characteristic squeaky pop sound.

Carbon dioxide reacts with calcium hydroxide (limewater) to form calcium carbonate, which is an insoluble white solid that makes the solution look milky.

Chlorine gas acts as an oxidizing agent and bleaches damp litmus paper, turning it white.

Ammonia is an alkaline gas, so it will turn damp red litmus paper blue.

Evaporation is the process of removing the solvent from a solution to leave behind the solid solute as crystals.

Titration is the best method for making salts of reactive metals like sodium chloride because reactive metals react too violently with acid. Instead, you neutralize an acid with an alkali (like NaOH) using titration to get exact stoichiometric amounts, then evaporate to get pure salt crystals.

Nitrates are the salts formed from nitric acid, following the naming rule that acid names ending in '-ic' form salts ending in '-ate'. Nitric acid (HNO3) produces salts called nitrates (e.g., sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate). The 'nitric' ending becomes 'nitrate' in the salt name.

Salts formed from sulfuric acid are called sulfates.

When lithium carbonate reacts with nitric acid, the metal (lithium) combines with the nitrate ion from the acid to form lithium nitrate.

Acids react with carbonates to produce a salt, water, and carbon dioxide gas.

Salt and water are produced in acid-alkali neutralization reactions. This is a fundamental chemical principle: acid + alkali -> salt + water. The H+ from acid and OH- from alkali combine to form H2O, while the remaining ions form the salt. This reaction doesn't produce CO2, hydrogen gas, or soap.

The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. Values lower than 7 are acidic, with lower numbers indicating higher acidity (higher concentration of hydronium ions).

Alkalis have pH above 7 because the pH scale measures acidity/alkalinity, with 7 being neutral. Alkalis are basic substances with pH values greater than 7 (typically 8-14 for common alkalis). Acids have pH below 7, while pH 7 itself is neutral (neither acidic nor alkaline).