Indian History: British Raj in India

Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer ordered British troops to fire on a crowd of unarmed Indian civilians at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar on April 13, 1919. This tragic event resulted in hundreds of deaths and became a major turning point in the Indian nationalist movement.

The Kheda Satyagraha was organized by Mahatma Gandhi in 1918 to support peasants in the Kheda district of Gujarat, who were unable to pay high land taxes due to crop failure and a plague epidemic. This was one of Gandhi's earliest major satyagraha movements in India.

The Indian National Congress was founded in December 1885 in Bombay, with Allan Octavian Hume playing a leading role in its establishment. It initially aimed to obtain a greater share in government for educated Indians.

Goa was ruled by the Portuguese from 1510 until it was annexed by India in 1961, meaning it was never part of the British Raj. Delhi, Tamil Nadu, and Jammu were all under direct or indirect British control during the colonial era.

The British Raj refers to the period of direct rule by the British Crown over the Indian subcontinent. It began in 1858, when the rule of the British East India Company was transferred to Queen Victoria, and ended with Indian independence in 1947.