Respiratory System

The diaphragm is a large, dome-shaped muscle located at the base of the thoracic cavity, directly below the lungs, which facilitates breathing.

Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs that are closely associated with a dense network of pulmonary capillaries to facilitate gas exchange.

Alveoli are the sites where oxygen enters the bloodstream and carbon dioxide leaves the bloodstream through the process of diffusion.

In the respiratory tree, the bronchi branch into smaller tubes called bronchioles, which eventually lead to the alveoli.

The trachea bifurcates into two primary bronchi, which enter the left and right lungs respectively.

The trachea is the anatomical term for the windpipe, the tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi.

The larynx, also known as the voice box, is located in the upper part of the trachea and contains the vocal cords.

The pharynx is the scientific term for the throat, which serves as a common pathway for both the respiratory and digestive systems.

Cellular respiration is the metabolic process by which cells convert nutrients into energy, requiring oxygen as a final electron acceptor. Without oxygen, aerobic respiration cannot proceed.

Air enters through the nose, passes through the pharynx and larynx, travels down the trachea, branches into the bronchi, and finally reaches the lungs.

Oxygenated blood leaves the lungs via pulmonary circulation to the heart, which then pumps it through systemic circulation to reach the rest of the body's cells.

Respiration is the physiological process of gas exchange, specifically taking in oxygen for cellular use and expelling carbon dioxide as a waste product.