Types of sentences - class-IX

There is only one finite verb in the given sentence and, by extension,  only one clause. Thus, the sentence cannot  be a complex or a compound sentence. Therefore, Option B is the correct answer. 

There is only one finite verb in the given sentence and, by extension, only one clause. Thus,it is not a complex or a compound sentence. Therefore, Option A is the correct answer. 

There is only one finite verb in the given sentence. Thus, there is only clause, so, it cannot be a complex or compound sentence. Hence, Option A id the correct answer. 

The given sentence has only one finite verb and, by extension, only one clause. Therefore, it cannot be a complex or compound sentence. Thus, Option A is the correct answer. 

Option D is the correct answer. There is only one finite verb. Thus, there is only one clause. So, it cannot be a compound or a complex sentence. Though the sentence is small, it does indeed contain a verb and makes complete sense, which does not make it a phrase. Therefore, Options A,B and C are all incorrect. 

Option A is the correct answer. Though there is a conjunction between the two names mentioned in the sentence, there is only one finite verb is the sentence and, thus, only one clause. Thus, Options B,C and D are all incorrect. 

Subordinate clauses start with conjunctions or prepositions and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here “wherever you like” is dependent on “You may stand”. Hence, Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect.

A simple sentence is made up of a subject and verb; an object may or may not be present in the sentence. (It depends on the nature of the verb.) Without the subject or verb, the words become a phrase. Option A contains the subject "She" and verb "cooks", hence it is a simple sentence and A is correct. Option B does not have a subject nor a verb, it's a phrase. Option C is a subordinate clause, containing the subordinator "after"; the clause is not a sentence as it's dependent, i.e., it isn't complete in meaning. Option D lacks the subject, so it's not a sentence. Hence options B, C and D are incorrect.

A simple sentence is made up of only one clause, containing one subject and one verb. From the given options, A contains one clause, with one subject "John", one verb "had taken" and one object "the day off". Hence it is a simple sentence and option A is correct. Option B starts with a subordinating conjunction which makes the clause dependent. Dependent clauses are incomplete in meaning whereas a simple sentence is an independent clause, complete in meaning. Hence option B is incorrect. The sentence in C is a complex sentence made up of an independent clause "John got an urgent call from work" and a dependent clause "even though he had taken the day off" hence C is incorrect. Option D is grammatically incorrect, the subject John cannot be followed by a pronoun, as pronouns replace the nouns (here, the subject).

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses. (Independent clauses can stand as
complete sentences on their own). By copulative compound sentences, we mean that the clauses are merely connected together. They do not express any relation between one another, like that of alternative or inference-based sentences.
Conjunctions that add such clauses include also, and, too, etc.,. From the options, the sentences in A express two unrelated actions and are hence, unconnected in terms of meaning. Hence it is the most suitable option and A is right. ("Not only...but also" lays emphasis on the latter clause, besides connecting the sentences.)
The complete sentence that is formed is: She not only passed the examination, but also received a scholarship.
Option B expresses a contrast between the two ideas.
Similarly, option C expresses a contrast, the general idea being that money makes you happy.
Option D is inference based, where one action results in an outcome that is expressed in the latter clause "reached great heights". Since these sentences express a relation between one another, and cannot merely connect with each other, options B, C and D are incorrect.

A simple sentence is consists of a single subject and a verb. From the
given options, B contains a simple sentence made up of one subject "My
car" and one verb "broke down". Hence B is correct.
Option A is
incomplete in meaning, it lacks a verb that would qualify it as a
sentence.
Option C is grammatically incorrect. When a sentence begins
with 'so', it is usually followed by a comma ','. ('So' when used in
the beginning of a sentence functions as a discourse marker, i.e., it
connects the sentence with a previous idea.)
Option D is a compound sentence, made up of two independent
clauses: 'My car broke down' and 'I had to look around for a taxi'. ('so' is a conjunction that connects the clauses)
It has two subjects and two verbs.
Hence options A, C and D are incorrect.

A simple sentence is consists of a single subject and a verb. Option D contains a simple sentence, made with the subject "A young English lady" and the verb "asked", hence option D is correct. Option A does not contain a subject, the noun is missing from "A young English", hence it isn't a sentence. Option B lacks a suitable subject since English is an adjective, Englishman is a noun, so it isn't a sentence. In option C the article "A" is incorrectly placed, the correct one should be 'an' and the article is missing from special tea, so it isn't a complete simple sentence. Hence options A, B and C are incorrect.

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. Adversative compound sentences contain
two ideas that contrast each other in meaning. The conjunctions used in
such sentences include but, yet, still and so on. Option C contains two contrasting ideas, "chaos around her" and "kept her cool", hence option C is correct. Option A contains two alternate ideas, represented by "or else", hence it's not adversative in nature, option A incorrect. Option B contains two cumulative clauses, connected with the conjunction "and", hence B is incorrect. Option D is inference based, as one idea is inferred or deduced from another, hence D is also incorrect.

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. Alternative compound sentences express a choice between two alternatives. The pair of sentences in option B have the alternatives "go to Rome..." and "stay here..." They can be joined using "either...or", hence B is the correct option. Option A contains two unrelated sentences, they are not alternatives hence A is incorrect. Similarly, C does not contain alternatives, hence it's incorrect. Option D is in relation to time, they are not alternatives, hence D is incorrect.

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. Adversative compound sentences contain two ideas that contrast each other in meaning. The conjunctions used in such sentences include but, yet, still and so on. 

A simple sentence consists of a single subject and a verb. From the options given, C forms a complete sentence, with the subject "Mary" and the verb "had", hence option C is correct. In Option A the verb is missing, it cannot form a simple sentence. Option B is a subordinate clause which does not have a complete meaning. Option D is incomplete, even though it contains a subject and a verb. Some sentences require only the subject and the verb to form a sentence. This happens when the verb is intransitive i.e., it does not require an object; for example, 'I cycle.' These verbs are mainly action verbs. The verb in D is transitive, that is, it requires an object. Hence options A, B and D are incorrect.

A simple sentence is consists of a subject and a verb.
From the options, C is a complete sentence; it's a simple sentence as it contains one subject "The English" and one verb "drink". Hence option C is correct. ('English' is generally used as an adjective, but when referring to a group of people and along with the article 'the', it can perform as a noun.)
Option A contains both subject and verb, but it is still not a sentence, because the usual order of words in a sentence are: subject + verb + object, whereas the order here is subject (The English) + object (tea) + verb (usually drink). The object is the recipient of the verb. Hence option A is incorrect.
Option B is incomplete, it is not a simple sentence as the preposition 'without' lacks a suitable object, hence B is incorrect.
Similarly, Option D is incomplete (the preposition 'without' requires an object), so D is also incorrect.

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. Adversative compound sentences contain
two ideas that contrast each other in meaning. The conjunctions used in
such sentences include but, yet, still and so on. From the options, A is the most suitable as it contains contrasting ideas, the general idea being that at this age one does not play basketball. Option B contains inference based sentences, where the former is inferred from the latter, hence B is incorrect. Option C presents a choice between two ideas "swim" and "walk", hence C is incorrect. Option D contains two ideas that can be connected with a cumulative conjunction 'and', since they have a similar goal, 'go to the dairy and buy milk'. Hence D is incorrect.

A compound sentence is made up of independent clauses, i.e., both clauses can stand as complete sentences. They use a coordinating conjunction to combine the clauses. Option A contains a compound sentence which contains two independent clauses (I like playing football and my brother likes playing golf). The conjunction that combines them, "whereas" is a coordinating conjunction. Hence option A is correct. Option B contains a complex sentence; the clause that begins with "as if" is the dependent clause. Hence option B is incorrect. Similarly, option C is also a complex sentence; the clause beginning with "because" is a dependent clause. Hence C is incorrect. Option D contains a simple sentence, with one clause, hence D is also incorrect.

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. Alternative compound sentences express a choice between two alternatives. Option D expresses two alternatives, "make changes" and "complain", hence option D is correct. Option A expresses a cause and effect relationship between the sentences, hence it's not the appropriate option. Option B expresses two contrasting ideas, "met with...accident" and "went to work", hence it isn't the appropriate option. Option C is inference based, where one is deduced from the other, hence it's not an appropriate option.

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are complete sentences on their own. Illative compound sentences contain clauses where one is inferred or deduced from another; for example, "There's someone in the hall for the light is on", where "for" is an Illative conjunction. From the given options, Option B contains a sentence of the Illative nature as the clause "I was punished" is the conclusion or inference of the clause "I had misbehaved in school". Hence B is correct. Option A does not contain Illative main clauses: one does not conclude the other, Hence A is incorrect. The sentence in C is a simple sentence, there is only one clause; hence C is incorrect. Option D is a complex sentence whereas sentences with Illative clauses are compound. The sentence in D expresses comparison and not inference; hence D is also incorrect.

A complex sentence is made up of two or more clauses, where at least one
of them should be independent, i.e., complete in meaning. The other
clause/clauses should be dependent; it should depend on the
main/independent clause for its complete meaning. The given sentence is made up of a dependent clause "Although the kid is new in school" that depends on the main clause "she has managed to make a lot of friends today" for its full meaning. Hence, the sentence is complex and option C is correct. A simple sentence contains only one clause. A compound sentence requires both independent clauses, hence options A and B are incorrect. Option D is incorrect because the correct answer lies in C.

A complex sentence is made up of two or more clauses, where at least one
of them should be independent, i.e., complete in meaning. The other
clause/clauses should be dependent; it should depend on the
main/independent clause for its complete meaning. From the options, D contains a complex sentence. The dependent clause begins with the conjunction 'although' and depends on the main clause "the school authorities haven't...improvement" for its complete meaning. Hence D is the complex sentence. Option A is a simple sentence; it contains only one clause. Similarly, Option B is also a simple sentence which contains one clause. Hence A and B are incorrect. Option C contains a compound sentence, both clauses are independent making C incorrect.

A complex sentence is made up of two or more clauses, where at least one
of them should be independent, i.e., complete in meaning. The other
clause/clauses should be dependent; it should depend on the
main/independent clause for its complete meaning. The given sentence is made up of a dependent clause "After reaching the station" that depends on the main clause "we waited for half an hour for the train to arrive" for its full meaning. Hence it is a complex sentence and option B is correct. A simple sentence requires only one clause. A compound sentence requires both clauses to be independent, hence options A and C are incorrect. Option D is incorrect because the correct answer lies in option B.

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. Illative compound sentences contain
clauses where one is inferred or deduced from another; for example, "There's someone in the hall for the light is on", where "for" is an
Illative conjunction.
In this question, we need to choose the option that can use "for" as a conjunction. The sentence in option B. "Someone's at the door" is deduced from "I heard somebody knock". Hence B is the correct option. A contains sentences that contrast each other, it would require an adversative conjunction such as "I love chocolate but I don't eat cake" (since most cakes have chocolate). Hence option A is incorrect. Option C contains alternative sentences ("Neither do I smoke nor do I drink alcohol") in the negative. Hence C is also incorrect. Option D contains cumulative clauses ("Not only was I praised for my bravery but also given a medal for it"). Hence it's the incorrect option.

A compound sentence is made up of independent clauses, i.e., both
clauses can stand as complete sentences. They use a coordinating
conjunction to combine the clauses. Option B contains independent clauses ("I love my father..." and "I respect my father..."), in which "both...and" is a coordinating conjunction. Hence option B is a compound sentence. Option A contains a complex sentence where the when-clause is a dependent clause. Hence option A is incorrect. Option C contains a simple sentence that has only one clause. Option D contains a complex sentence in which "in order that..." is a dependent clause, Hence options C and D are incorrect.

A complex sentence is made up of two or more clauses, where at least one
of them should be independent, i.e., complete in meaning. The other
clause/clauses should be dependent; it should depend on the
main/independent clause for its complete meaning. From the options, C contains a complex sentence since the clause "Even though I read the chapter thoroughly" depends on the main clause "I couldn't understand it well" for its complete meaning; hence C is correct. A contains a compound sentence, since both clauses are independent on their own and is joined by the conjunction "either...or". Option B contains a simple sentence, it has only one clause. Option D contains a compound sentence, where both clauses are independent (the conjunction "neither...nor" is used in compound sentences). Hence options A, B and D are incorrect.

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. Illative compound sentences contain
clauses where one is inferred or deduced from another; for example, "There's someone in the hall for the light is on", where "for" is an
Illative conjunction. From the given options, B contains suitable clauses that can be combined with 'therefore'. "He isn't in a very good mood." is concluded from "He was asked to resign today." hence option B is correct. In A, the clauses do not express any relation, they can only be added to one another, hence A is incorrect. In option C, the sentences contrast each other in meaning ("She has been sick, yet she is lively and happy"); hence C is incorrect. Option D shows a choice between two alternatives ("You can either come here and work or you can work from home"); hence D is also incorrect.

A simple sentence is made up of only one clause, with one subject and
one verb. The given sentence contains one subject "I" and one verb "prefer", "taking a single good photo... ." is a gerund phrase that functions as the object. Hence it is a simple sentence and option A is correct. A complex sentence requires at least one dependent and one independent clause. Similarly, a compound sentence requires two independent clauses. Since the given sentence contains one clause, options B and C are incorrect. Option D is incorrect because the answer lies in A.
Note: 'Rather than' when followed by a gerund (verb + ing), functions as a preposition. When followed by an infinitive (to + verb) it functions as a conjunction.

A simple sentence is made up of only one clause, with one subject and
one verb. Option B contains a simple sentence, where the subject is "Nothing" and the verb is "compares", the infinitive phrase "to the love... ." is the object. Hence option B is correct. Option A contains a complex sentence, where the "as the evil ... ." clause is dependent. Option C contains a compound sentence, made up of two independent clauses. Option D also contains a compound sentence that is combined using the coordinating conjunction 'but'. Hence options A, C and D are incorrect.

A simple sentence is made up of only one clause, with one subject and
one verb. The given sentence contains one clause, it has the subject "I" and the verb "have been assigned". The direct object is "a special task" and the infinitive phrase "to gather information... ." is the indirect object. Hence it is a simple sentence and option B is correct. A compound sentence and a complex sentence requires at least two clauses, hence options A and C are incorrect. Option D is incorrect because the answer lies in B.

A complex sentence is made up of two or more clauses, where at least one
of them should be independent, i.e., complete in meaning. The other
clause/clauses should be dependent; it should depend on the
main/independent clause for its complete meaning. In the given sentence, "Since he is down with fever" is a dependent clause as it looks incomplete on its own, it depends on the clause "he will not be able to attempt today's test" for its full meaning. Hence the latter is the main clause, it is independent on its own. Therefore, option B is correct and A is incorrect. Option C contains fragments of both clauses, these words are not coherent and do not form a clause, let alone the main clause. Hence option C is incorrect. Option D is a phrase, lacking the subject and the object, hence D is also incorrect.

A simple sentence is made up of only one clause, with one subject and
one verb. When the verb is transitive, i.e. an action verb, it does not
require an object. In that case, a sentence can stand alone without the
object. The given sentence contains the subject "She" and the transitive verb "smokes". Hence it is a simple sentence and option A is correct. It cannot be a compound or a complex sentence since both these kinds of sentences contain more than one clause, hence options B and C are incorrect. Option D is incorrect because the answer lies in A.

A compound sentence is made up of independent clauses, i.e., both
clauses can stand on their own with complete meaning. They use a coordinating
conjunction to combine the clauses. The given sentence contains independent clauses "Her mother thought the book had a very good suspense element" and "(her mother) suggested her friends to read it." (when the subject is common, it is not repeated again). Hence it is a compound sentence and B is correct. A simple sentence contains only one clause and a complex sentence contains both independent and dependent clauses. Hence options A and C are incorrect. Option D is incorrect because the correct answer lies in B.

Option C is the correct answer. When there is only one finite verb in a sentence, there is also one clause, which eliminates its possibility of being a complex or a compound sentence. A number of sentences make up a paragraph. Since the question pertains to the makings of a single sentence, Option D is inconsequential to the question. Thus, Options A,B and D are all incorrect. 

Since the sentence has only clause, and an independent one, it is a simple sentence. Hence, Option A is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to this rule, hence, incorrect. 

The given sentence has only only one finite verb and thus, only one clause. Thus, it cannot be a complex or compound sentence. Therefore, Option B is the correct answer. 

There is only one finite verb in the given sentence and, by extension, only one clause. Hence, the sentence cannot be a complex or a compound one. Thus, Option D is the correct answer. 

The sentence contains only one finite verb and, thus, only one clause. Thus, it cannot be a complex or compound sentence. Thus, Option B is the correct answer. 

A compound sentence has at least two independent clauses. Here the two clauses are, "he...night" and "he...work". Hence, Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not correctly denote the sentence, hence incorrect. 

A compound sentence has at least two independent clauses. Here the two clauses are, "I..station" and "she...left". Hence, Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not correctly denote the sentence, hence incorrect. 

Principal clauses form a complete sentence and can stand alone without any extra information. Here both "the moon was low" and "the light was dim" make complete independent sentences, hence Option A and B are correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

The given sentence has only one finite verb and, by extension, only one clause. Thus, it cannot be a complex or a compound sentence. hence, Option A is the correct answer. 

Principal clauses form a complete sentence and can stand alone without any extra information. Here both "the lights...on" and "the doors were opened" make complete independent sentences, hence Option C and D are correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

Principal clauses form a complete sentence and can stand alone without any extra information. Here both "the children...garden" and "their...lunch" make complete independent sentences, hence Options B and D are correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

Principal clauses form a complete sentence and can stand alone without any extra information. Here both "the boy ate the apple" and "his...eat" make complete independent sentences, hence Option C and D are correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

An infinitive form is to+verb in present tense. Here, the main verb is do and infinitive is "to do". Hence, Option D is correct. The rest of The options do not adhere to the goal and use conjunctions, hence incorrect. 

Compound sentences can be transformed into simple sentences by changing first clause into a gerund. Here "and drank" is changed to "drinking". Hence, Option A is correct. The rest of the options do not fit the description, hence incorrect.

The clause mentioned starts with a subordinating conjunction and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here, “although...disagree” is dependent on “Ross...department” and is therefore a subordinating as well as dependent clause. Hence, Options B and D are correct.

Subordinate clauses start with conjunctions or prepositions and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here “that I built” is dependent on “This is the bungalow”. Hence, Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect.

Subordinate clauses start with conjunctions or prepositions and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here “before... Jersey” is dependent on “Donald...market”. Hence, Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect.

Subordinate clauses start with conjunctions or prepositions and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here “as...perform” is dependent on “You ...job”. Hence, Option C is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect.

Subordinate clauses start with conjunctions or prepositions and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here “when...arrived” is dependent on “They...time”. Hence, Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect.

The clause mentioned starts with a subordinating conjunction and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here, “that...out” is dependent on “I told Sam” and is therefore a subordinating as well as dependent clause. Hence, Options B and D is correct.

Subordinate clauses start with conjunctions or prepositions and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here “when...swing” is dependent on “I...one”. Hence, Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect.

Subordinate clauses start with conjunctions or prepositions and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here “even...cheese” is dependent on “Edward...it”. Hence, Option C is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect.

Subordinate clauses start with conjunctions or prepositions and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here “while...television” is dependent on “Meredith...table”. Hence, Option A is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect.

The given sentence is a simple sentence. There is only one finite verb in the sentence and, thus, only one clause. Thus, Option B is the correct answer.

Option A is the correct answer. There is only one finite verb in the given sentence and , thus, only one clause. The lack of a conjunction proves that two separate sentences have not being joined together. Thus, Options B,C and D are incorrect.

Option A is the correct answer. Though there is a coordinating conjunction between the two names, there is only one finite verb in the given sentence and, by extension, only one clause. Thus, it is neither a complex nor a compound sentence. Hence, Options B,C and D are all incorrect. 

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. By cumulative compound sentences, we
refer to those clauses which are mere additions to each other, as a part
of a whole sentence. They do not affect each other in terms of meaning.
Conjunctions that add such clauses include also, and, too and so on. The given sentence is compound, it was initially two sentences connected as one. Generally, while combining, when the subject is the same in both sentences, it is written only once; it can be repeated again by replacing it with a pronoun. The first clause begins with the subject, "Hollie" and the second begins with the verb "bought", as the subject is already implied in the second clause, hence option A is correct. Option B is incorrect because a single word (sausages) cannot be a clause; a clause must contain a subject and a verb. Option C is incorrect because both the verbs (went and bought) are included in the first clause, the second is not a clause as it contains neither subject nor verb. Option D is incorrect because the correct answer lies in A.

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. By copulative compound sentences, we
refer to those clauses which are mere additions to each other, as a part
of a whole sentence. They do not affect each other in terms of meaning.
Conjunctions that add such clauses include also, and, too and so on. From the options, B expresses an addition, "not only...but also" is a pair of coordinating conjunctions used to merely connect two clauses as an addition to each other. Hence B is correct. Option A and D contain simple sentences, hence they're incorrect.  Option C contains a pair of adversative clauses that express contrast "wanted to go", "sister didn't join", it does not contain cumulative clauses, hence C is incorrect.

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. By copulative compound sentences, we
refer to those clauses which are mere additions to each other, as a part
of a whole sentence. They do not affect each other in terms of meaning.
Conjunctions that add such clauses include also, and, too and so on.

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. Illative compound sentences contain
clauses where one is inferred or deduced from another; for example, "There's someone in the hall for the light is on", where "for" is an
Illative conjunction. From the given options, A contains Illative clauses, as "I shall stay back and finish it" is concluded or inferred from the clause "There's a lot of pending work". Hence A is correct. Option B is a complex sentence, which expresses reason and not inference, whereas the required sentence must be compound. Hence B is incorrect. In C, the sentence contains a copulative clause (using the conjunction "and") that gives additional information while D is a complex sentence that is conditional in nature. Hence options C and D are also incorrect.

A simple sentence is made up of only one clause, with one subject and one verb. When the verb is transitive, i.e. an action verb, it does not require an object. In that case, a sentence can stand alone without the object. From the options, B contains a simple sentence, with the subject "Bulls" and the action verb "fight", hence B is the correct option. Options A and D contain a compound sentence with two independent clauses. Option C contains a complex sentence, hence A, C and D are incorrect. (In C, 'before man' is an elliptical sentence, the verb is implied by meaning in the clause that follows.)

A compound sentence is made up of independent clauses, i.e., both
clauses can stand as complete sentences. They use a coordinating
conjunction to combine the clauses. The given sentence contains independent clauses "I looked at every corner... hiding place" and "there was no sign of Sunita" which are combined using the coordinating conjunction "but". Hence it is a compound sentence and option C is correct. A simple sentence contains only one clause and a complex sentence contains a dependent and an independent clause. Hence options A and B are incorrect. Option D is incorrect because the correct answer lies in C.

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. Alternative compound sentences express a choice between two alternatives. Option B presents two alternate ideas, where one is the possible outcome of the other, hence 'otherwise' can connect these together and option B is correct. Option A does not present two alternate ideas, but states the events "snow...fall" and "roads...blocked" that happened one after the other, the latter being the result. Hence A is incorrect. Option C expresses two contrasting ideas and Option D contains two unrelated statements, that do not influence one another. Hence C and D are incorrect.

A complex sentence is made up of two or more clauses, where at least one of them should be independent, i.e., complete in meaning. The other clause(s) should be dependent; it should depend on the main/independent clause for its complete meaning. In option A, one clause "than I am" is dependent on the main clause "Sarah is better at Physics" for its full meaning. Hence A is a complex sentence. In B, the sentence is compound, as both the clauses are independent, "Ganesh took the keys" and "(Ganesh) went for a midnight drive". They are connected by the coordinating conjunction "and". Hence B is incorrect. Option C is a simple sentence, it contains one clause, hence it's the incorrect option. Option D is also a simple sentence, with one clause in it, hence D is also incorrect.

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. Alternative compound sentences express a choice between two alternatives. From the options given, A contains an alternative compound sentence in the negative sense; "neither...nor" is used when there are two alternate ideas and none are chosen. Hence A is correct. Option B is a complex sentence and does not present alternatives. It is spoken in the context of time ("before she leaves"), hence B is incorrect. Option C contains a cumulative compound sentence and option D is a complex sentence expressing a purpose. Hence options C and D are incorrect.

A compound sentence is made up of independent clauses, i.e., both
clauses can stand as complete sentences. They use a coordinating
conjunction to combine the clauses. The given sentence is made up of independent clauses, "I have never seen..." and "I do not believe..." which are combined using the coordinating conjunction "therefore". Hence it is a compound sentence and option B is correct. A simple sentence requires only one main clause and a complex sentence contains at least one independent and one dependent clause. Hence options A and C are incorrect. Option D is incorrect because the answer lies in B.

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. Adversative compound sentences contain
two ideas that contrast each other in meaning. The conjunctions used in
such sentences include but, yet, still, whereas and so on. Option B contains two contrasting ideas, one sister is "kind and helpful", the other "is the opposite", hence B is the most suitable option.  

A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses, which are
complete sentences on their own. Alternative compound sentences express a choice between two alternatives. From the options, C expresses the alternatives "at my place", "or yours". Hence option C is correct. Option A is a simple sentence, hence it's incorrect. Option B expresses a contrast of ideas, "closed for today", "receive your dress by tomorrow", hence B is incorrect. Option D is a complex sentence that expresses a reason, hence it's incorrect.

A complex sentence is made up of two or more clauses, where at least one
of them should be independent, i.e., complete in meaning. The other
clause/clauses should be dependent; it should depend on the
main/independent clause for its complete meaning.
The given sentence is a comparison sentence which contains one main clause. "The house is smaller" is the main clause, since it can stand as a sentence on its own; it does not require the other clause for its complete meaning. (Since it's a comparison sentence the clauses are more dependent on each other, and the comparative adjective 'small' is changed to "smaller" in relation to the clause that follows.) Hence option A is correct.
Option B contains a fragment of the main clause as well as the subordinate clause. It cannot form a clause of its own, hence B is incorrect.
Option C contains the subordinate/dependent clause; it cannot stand on its own as a sentence, hence it is incorrect.
Option D is incorrect because the answer lies in A.

A complex sentence is made up of two or more clauses, where at least one
of them should be independent, i.e., complete in meaning. The other
clause/clauses should be dependent; it should depend on the
main/independent clause for its complete meaning. In the given sentence, the latter clause "I called up my friend... ." is the main clause, as it can stand as a sentence on its own, and does not depend on the other clause for its complete meaning. Hence option B is correct. Option A is the dependent clause that begins with the subordinating conjunction 'as soon as', hence it is not the main clause and option A is incorrect. Option C contains fragments of both clauses, it is not one clause hence option C is incorrect. Option D is incorrect because the answer lies in B.

A complex sentence is made up of two or more clauses, where at least one
of them should be independent, i.e., complete in meaning. The other
clause(s) should be dependent; it should depend on the
main/independent clause for its complete meaning. In the given sentence, the first clause "She says she is ready....the job" is independent; on its own, it is complete in meaning. Hence option A is correct. Option B is an infinitive phrase, it's not a clause. Option C is a subordinate clause; it begins with the subordinating conjunction pair "provided that" and cannot stand on its own as a sentence. Hence options B and C are incorrect. Option D is incorrect because the answer lies in A.

A complex sentence is made up of two or more clauses, where at least one
of them should be independent, i.e., complete in meaning. The other
clause/clauses should be dependent; it should depend on the
main/independent clause for its complete meaning. In the given sentence, there are four clauses, one of which is the main clause as it is not dependent on the others for its complete meaning. The main clause is "she remembered the horrors of war" as it is complete as a sentence on its own, hence option B is correct. The clauses in options A and D are subordinate/dependent, they both begin with a time-related conjunction ("Whenever" and "while" respectively) and sound incomplete on their own. Hence they are not main clauses and they're incorrect. Option C contains a 'that' clause which forms a clause of its own with the subject and verb, but it cannot stand alone as a sentence, hence it is not the main clause and C is incorrect.

A compound sentence has at least two independent clauses joined together by coordinating conjunctions like "and". Here the clauses are "the..high" and "the birds...sing". These are joined together by the coordinating conjunction "And". Hence, Option A is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect.

Principal clauses
form a complete sentence and can stand alone without any extra information.
Here "Lizzie realised" makes a complete independent sentence,
hence Option A is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal,
hence incorrect. 

A compound sentence has at least two independent clauses. Here the two clauses are, "she...cinema" and "she...mal". Hence, Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not correctly denote the sentence, hence incorrect. 

A compound sentence has at least two independent clauses. Here the two clauses are, "the signal turned green" and "the...move". Hence, Option A is correct. The rest of the options do not correctly denote the sentence, hence incorrect. 

A compound sentence has at least two independent clauses. Here the two clauses are, "he wept" and "she...handkerchief". Hence, Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not correctly denote the sentence, hence incorrect. 

Principal clauses
form a complete sentence and can stand alone without any extra information.
Here "I told him" makes a complete independent sentence,
hence Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal,
hence incorrect. 

Principal clauses
form a complete sentence and can stand alone without any extra information.
Here "Joe and Martha stayed indoors" makes a complete independent sentence,
hence Option C is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal,
hence incorrect. 

A compound sentence has at least two independent clauses. Here the two clauses are, "she...home" and "flung...open". Hence, Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not correctly denote the sentence, hence incorrect. 

Principal clauses
form a complete sentence and can stand alone without any extra information.
Here "I heated..stove" makes a complete independent sentence,
hence Option B is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal,
hence incorrect. 

A compound sentence has at least two independent clauses. Here the two clauses are, "the rain fell heavily" and "the...seen". Hence, Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not correctly denote the sentence, hence incorrect. 

Principal clauses form a complete sentence and can stand alone without any extra information. Here "Joe and Mary arrived" makes a complete independent sentence, hence Option A is correct. The rest of the options do not adhere to the goal, hence incorrect. 

Subordinate clauses start with conjunctions or prepositions and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here “who...behind” and “who...accused” are dependent on “The...identified”. Hence, Option A and C are correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect.

Subordinate clauses start with conjunctions or prepositions and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here “apart...guests” is dependent on “there...demeanour”. Hence, Option C is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect.

Subordinate clauses start with conjunctions or prepositions and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here “after...writing” is dependent on “she...garden”. Hence, Option D is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect.

Subordinate clauses start with conjunctions or prepositions and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here “until...coffee” is dependent on “Mr.Desouza...day”. Hence, Option C is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect.

Subordinate clauses start with conjunctions or prepositions and cannot exist without the on the main clause. Here “who...strike” is dependent on “He...enemies”. Hence, Option C is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence incorrect.

Complex sentences have subordinate clauses which contain a verb, here "is". The tense in this case should be present. Hence, option B is correct. The rest of the options do not fit this description, hence, incorrect.