Environmental Conservation and Wildlife Protection

CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals.

(i) In Meghalaya sacred groves represent a long tradition of environmental conservation based on indigenous knowledge by the tribal communities. They are among the few least disturbed forest patches which are serving as the natural treasure house of biodiversity and a refuge for a large number of endemic, endangered and rare taxa. The general term for sacred groves in the Khasi Hills is 'Khlaw Kyntang' or 'Law Kyntang' or 'Law Lyngdoh' while in the Jaintia Hills it is called 'Khloo Blai'. The sacred groves in the Khasi Hills and Jaintia Hills District are fundamentally based on the traditional religious belief of the tribals i.e., Khasis and Pnars, which is called Seng Khasi and Niam Tre respectively.

• The Bishnois are a community in India living mostly in the states of Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh.
  
  
• They are renowned for adapting to the harsh conditions of the Thar Desert. This is the example for showing that the biodiversity of Rajasthan’s arid desert can be preserved not by isolating people, but through their active participation.
  
  
• Jambheshwar announced a set of 29 tenets. These were contained in a document called Shabadwani, written in the Nagari script, which consists of 120 shabads. 
  
  
• Of his 29 tenets, ten are directed towards personal hygiene and maintaining good basic health, seven for healthy social behavior, and four tenets to the worship of God.
  
  

Wildlife conservation refers to the practice of protecting wild plant and animal species and their habitats to ensure their survival and maintain ecosystem balance.

UNESCO MAB i.e., man and biosphere is an intergovernmental scientific program which was launched in order to improve the relation between people and their environment. It provides opportunities for education to improve human livelihood, it promotes the innovative approaches to economic development that are environmentally sustainable. It also includes the preservation of plants and animals under biosphere reserves with the help of human efforts. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

There are many reasons to conserve biodiversity, but all equally important. They can be grouped into three categories: narrowly utilitarian (economic benefit), broadly utilitarian (importance in natural ecological balance), and ethical (moral reasons). 

In ecology, the word conservation means management and protection of natural resources. Conservation ecology is concerned with the preservation and management of biodiversity and natural resources. 

A naturally occurring sanctuary, such as an island, which protects species from getting hunted, predated or poached is called as a wildlife refuge. It is also known as a wildlife sanctuary. Being a protected area, it is a geographic territory within which wildlife is protected. Private operations are limited in such areas. Thus, making numerous wildlife sanctuaries will be most helpful.

WWF stands for The World Wide Fund for Nature. Founded back in 1961, it's an international non-governmental organization. Earlier it used to stand for World Wildlife Fund. It works in the field of wildlife preservation, and the reduction of human impact on the environment.

All plants, fungi, and other organisms that grow or live in the wild in an area without being introduced by humans are included under wildlife. A great threat is being possessed to the wildlife due to their excessive habitat destruction. Man, domestic animals, and cultivated crops are not included in the wildlife. Different measures to save wildlife are being adopted.

Project Dodo does not exist, rest three are projects to conserve the respected species. The Dodo is an extinct flightless bird endemic to Mauritius, east of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean. It belonged to the subfamily Raphinae. In 1662, the last sighting of the dodo occurred. There's also a phrase saying "As dead as Dodo".

William Temple Hornaday, Sc.D.  was an American zoologist, conservationist, taxidermist, and author. He served as the first director of the New York Zoological Park, known today as the Bronx Zoo, and he was a pioneer and coined the term wildlife and played a key role in the conservation movement in the United States.

Madhya Pradesh, is endowed with rich and diverse forest resources. It is a reservoir of biodiversity. The forest area of the state constitutes 31% of the geographical area of the state and 12.44% of the forest area of the country. Legally this area has been classified into reserve forest, protected forest and unclassified forest. One third of the state is forested and offers a unique and exciting panorama of wildlife. In the National parks of Kanha, Bandhavgarh, Shivpuri and many other, one has the rare opportunity to see the tiger, the bison and a wide variety of deer and antelope in sylvan surroundings.

The biosphere can be defined as a global ecological system that integrates all living beings and their relationships with other elements of the lithosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere. To preserve the biosphere for future generations, one needs to understand the livings things present and how they interact with their environment and the extent to with they are interdependent.

National parks are designated areas that protect entire ecosystems, including the flora, fauna, and physical environment, ensuring the preservation of biodiversity.

As the human population grows, the demand for resources like food, water, and fuel increases, leading to habitat destruction and encroachment on wildlife areas.

In biological and ecological contexts, 'fauna' refers to all the animal life of a particular region or time, while 'flora' refers to plant life.

Wildlife Week is celebrated from October 2 to 8 annually in India. For the conservation and protection of the biodiversity, this initiative is given importance. In this week, seminars to bring the more difficult aspects of wildlife conservation are conducted. Biodiversity is also being conserved ex-situ and in-situ.

Biodiversity includes the enormous diversity of flora and fauna in the world. A great threat to it is now possessed by the increased rates of destructive activities. Various methods are being adopted by the authorities to conserve the species richness at various levels. If any species gets extinct, the gene pool of that species will be lost. So, the need for conservation of species is to conserve the different genetic resources.

A) Project Tiger is a tiger conservation programme launched on 1 April 1973 by the Government of India.

A) IBWL stands for the Indian Board for Wild Life (IBWL).

The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international non-governmental organization founded in 1961, which works for wilderness preservation and the reduction of destructive human impact on the environment. Also named as World Wildlife Fund, which is its official name in Canada and the United States till date. The logo has a symbol of the Giant Panda. The logo tries to focus the attention of people towards saving Giant Panda.

The 'Kaiga Generating Station' (KGS) is a nuclear power plant, located in the Karwar District of Karnataka state in India. Kaiga is now the third largest nuclear plant in India. So, it is not related with wildlife protection.

The 'World Wide Fund for Nature' (WWF) is an international non-governmental organization founded on April 29, 1961, and is working on issues regarding the conservation, research and restoration of the environment. It was formerly named the 'World Wildlife Fund', which remains its official name in Canada and the united states. WWF's giant panda logo originated from a panda named 'Chi Chi' that had been transferred from Beijing zoo to London zoo in 1958, three years before WWF became established. 

Captive breeding is the process of maintaining plants or animals in controlled environments, such as wildlife reserves, zoos, botanic gardens, and other conservation facilities. It is sometimes employed to help species that are being threatened by human activities. The activities which pose threat include habitat loss, fragmentation, over-hunting or fishing, pollution, predation, disease, and parasitism. The objective of many captive populations is to hold similar levels of genetic diversity to what is found in wild populations.

A) IUCN stands for the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.

Water pollution is the mixing of contaminants to the water bodies (e.g., lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater) which changes the desired quality of water. Water pollution affects the entire biosphere, plants and organisms living in these bodies of water.

Water pollution affects the entire biosphere, plants and organisms as all the life forms depend on water for their survival. In almost all cases, the effect is damaging not only to individual species and population but also to the natural biological communities. 

Wildlife sanctuary is a place where animals live in a natural habitat. The place where animals live in artificial habitat is known as zoo. 

Reforestation can be defined as the establishment of forest by planting trees in those areas where there is no previous forest cover. This can be done either naturally by means of natural seeding or we can go for artificial methods in which the trees are planted or seeding is done directly.

The Gir national park and wildlife sanctuary are located at Gujarat. Kanha national park and Bandhavgarh national park is located in Madhya Pradesh. Sariska wildlife sanctuary and Ranthambore national park and wildlife sanctuary are located in Rajasthan. Mudumalai national park and wildlife sanctuary are located in Tamil Nadu. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Wildlife represents the uncultivated or undomesticated species. They have a wide gene pool. The cultivated plants and domesticated animals have a narrow gene pool because these organisms have been selected by man over a period of thousands of year. Further, the cultivated plants and domesticated animals grow in protected environments. The uncultivated plants and nondomesticated animals, on the other hand, grow in natural surroundings in conjunction with disease-causing organisms and depend on the naturally evolved defense mechanisms. These organisms have evolved disease resistance, mechanisms and are a rich source of disease resistance germplasm.

National parks are maintained by the government and are reserved areas for the betterment of wildlife. Human activity like cultivation, grazing, forestry and habitat manipulation are prohibited.

A park in use for conservation purposes is known as a National park. It is basically a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. Flora and fauna are provided immense protection in such areas. Currently, in India, we have 166 national parks. 

A park in use for conservation purposes is known as a National park. It is basically a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. Flora and fauna are provided immense protection in such areas. Currently, in India, we have 166 national parks. 

A park in use for conservation purposes is known as a National park. It is basically a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. No human activity is allowed in such areas. Currently, in India, we have 166 national parks. Only 5 were there in 1970.

The Gulf of Kutch is the first marine sanctuary in India having bound with corals reefs, dolphins, tortoises, and sea birds . while Lakshwadeep is the first marine conservation reserve coming up. The Chilka lake being the first marine park India. The sunderban is the tiger reserve national park and not a marine national park.

A. Dachigam National Park in Srinagar is associated with the animal Hangul or Kashmir Stag.

The wildlife protection act was implemented in 1972. It was implemented for the protection of plant and animal species. It extends to all the parts of India except Jammu and Kashmir which has its own regulatory bodies for wildlife protection. The act has VI schedules with the specific set of laws for different categories of offenses.

The Medini Puraskar is awarded by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change to promote original writing in Hindi on environmental topics.

The Great Himalayan National Park, located in Himachal Pradesh, is a known habitat for the snow leopard.

Wildlife sanctuary is an area where the flora and fauna are maintained within a prohibited zone in a natural environment in order to conserve them. Poaching of animals is strictly prohibited. Wild animals are not allowed to kill and sold for lucrative amounts of money.

• A wildlife sanctuary is a naturally occurring sanctuary, such as an island, that provides protection for wildlife species from hunting, predation, competition or poaching. 
• A wildlife sanctuary is a place of refuge where abused, injured and abandoned captive wildlife may live in peace and dignity for the remainder of their lives. True wildlife sanctuaries do not breed or exploit for commercial activities. Fauna (animals) and flora (plants) are conserved.
• So, the correct answer is 'Soil and flora are utilized'.

A National Park provides protection to the entire ecosystem.

The Ranthambore national park which is famous for tiger sightings is located at the junction of the Aravalli and Vindhya hill range in Sawai Madhopur district of Rajasthan state.

Overa is a wildlife sanctuary near to Pahalgam district in Jammu and Kashmir. Wildlife sanctuary can be defined as the protected area where the species can be protected from hunting, competition, predation etc. The characteristic features of Overa are lush green hills, beautiful mountains and deep valleys. It is the place where endangered species are found which are on the verge of extinction. It is the home of a variety of flora and fauna. 

World Wildlife Fund is shortly known as WWF. The association is the largest project in the country for the conservation of the wildlife and the natural habitats. It was initially set up as a trust and later on, developed as a fund association. There are many projects which have started for the conservation and protection of the wild animals.

In national park, the plants and animals are conserved in their own habitat, exploitation of natural resources, development of dams, activities such as sport, fishing are prohibited. No human activity or settlement is allowed.

Jim Corbett National Park is the oldest park in India established in 1936 to protect the Bengal tigers as Hailey National Park. It is located in northern India's Uttarakhand state. It is the home to a variety of flora and fauna. It is famous for its Bengal tigers. Animals which are found here are tigers, leopards, wild elephants etc.

Poaching is the process of illegal hunting, killing or capturing of wild animals for various purposes. The Sariska Tiger Reserve which was known for a good number of tigers has been reported for depleting tiger population because of the practice of poaching.

Wild animals can survive and grow best when they are in their natural habitats. So, the destruction of their natural habitats affect them adversely and their development is impaired.

Shola forests are high-altitude grasslands and stunted tropical montane forests found in the Western Ghats, not the Rann of Kutch, which is a salt marsh.

Wildlife sanctuaries are meant for protection of animals. Here, they are provided suitable living conditions and killing and capturing are prohibited in wild life sanctuaries. Breeding of animals is allowed.

Satpura National is the first reserve forest of India. Redwood National park is in California and Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve is in Costa Rica.

Satpura national park is the first reserve forest of India. The finest teak rock shelters and paintings are found in Satpura national park. Rock shelters provide the prehistoric evidences of human life in the jungles. Various rock paintings depicting the figures of animals and men fighting, hunting, dancing and playing musical instruments are found in Satpura national park. Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

The national parks not only preserve the flora and fauna, but they preserve the whole set of the ecosystem which includes both living as well as non-living things. National park preserves flora, fauna, landscape and historical objects of an area.

Reserve forests are the protected forest areas where all activities like hunting and grazing are banned by law. National parks are large and diverse reserves. They preserve flora, fauna, landscape and historic objects of an area. Wildlife sanctuaries are areas where animals are protected from any disturbance to them and their habitat.

Jim Corbett National Park lies in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand. This area is rich in tigers. It is the place where Project Tiger was first launched in 1973 to protect this most endangered species. Thus the correct answer is option D.

The inspiration for the WWF logo came from Chi-Chi, a giant panda that was living at the London zoo in 1961, the same year WWF was created. WWF's founders were aware of the need for a strong, recognizable symbol that would overcome all language barriers.

Wildlife week is celebrated all over the country in the month of October from 2$^{nd}$ to 8$^{th}$ every year with the view to preserve the fauna, i.e., the animal life of the India.

National parks are maintained by the government and are reserved areas for the betterment of wildlife. This is a restricted area where the animals are protected and taken care of. Cultivation, grazing, forestry and habitat manipulation are prohibited. 

National parks are maintained by the government and are reserved areas for the betterment of wildlife. Cultivation, grazing, forestry and habitat manipulation are prohibited. Wildlife can be protected by the maintenance of natural balance. Both, flora and fauna are preserved in National parks. Hence, the correct answer is option C.

A wild life sanctuary is a facility where animals are brought to live and be protected for the rest of their lives.

National parks are indeed meant for wildlife welfare. However, they are primarily established and notified by the Central Government under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, though managed by states.

A naturally occurring sanctuary, such as an island, which protects species from getting hunted, predated or poached is called as a wildlife refuge. It is also known as a wildlife sanctuary. Being a protected area, it is a geographic territory within which wildlife is protected. 515 wildlife sanctuaries are present in India currently. Conservation of flora and fauna along with the prohibition of hunting is done here.

The Keoladeo national park formerly known as the Bharatpur national park is situated in Bharatpur, Rajasthan. In winters, Siberian cranes are regular visitors of this park. Over 230 species of birds are known to be resident. It is a major center of tourist attraction.

A naturally occurring sanctuary, such as an island, which protects species from getting hunted, predated or poached is called as a wildlife refuge. It is also known as a wildlife sanctuary. Being a protected area, it is a geographic territory within which wildlife is protected. Private operations are limited in such areas.

A naturally occurring sanctuary, such as an island, which protects species from getting hunted, predated or poached is called as a wildlife refuge. It is also known as a wildlife sanctuary. Whereas, a park in use for conservation purposes is known as a National park. These are methods of in-situ biodiversity conservation. In-situ conservation of biodiversity is done by conserving the species in their natural habitats. It is the best way of biodiversity conservation. 

A park in use for conservation purposes is known as a National park. It is basically a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. The management of such parks is controlled by the central government. Currently, in India, we have 166 national parks. 

Gir National Park is famous for being the only natural habitat of the Asiatic Lion, not tigers.

Parambikkulam Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Palakkad district of Kerala.

Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary, also known as Seonthi Reserve Forest, is located in the Kurukshetra district of Haryana.

Kuno National Park (formerly Kuno Palpur Wildlife Sanctuary) is located in the Sheopur district of Madhya Pradesh.

Biligiriranga Temple (BRT) Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the Chamarajanagar district of Karnataka.

Hoollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary is located in the Jorhat district of Assam and is home to the Hoolock Gibbon.

Namdapha National Park, located in Arunachal Pradesh, is the largest national park in the North East region of India.

Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park, formerly known as Anaimalai Wildlife Sanctuary, is popularly referred to as Topslip due to its location.

Billy Arjan Singh was a conservationist who played a key role in the establishment of Dudhwa National Park and the rehabilitation of big cats.

Adopting environment-friendly lifestyle like using of biodegradable packing material, removing toxic pollutants, protecting forests and wildlife, using natural resources sustainably not extensively etc., are the positive influences of human beings on the ecosystem. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Wildlife sanctuary is a naturally occurring sanctuary or a geographic territory within which the wildlife is protected. It provides protection to the threatened or endangered wild animals. This is because capturing and poaching are strictly prohibited in such areas. Hence, the correct answer is the option D.

Rodents (from Latin Rodere, "to gnaw") are mammals of the order Rodentia, which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents (2,277 species); they are found in vast numbers on all continents except Antarctica.

National Parks are protected areas designated for the conservation of both flora (plants) and fauna (animals) within their natural habitat.