Cash crops - class-VIII

Mumbai is historically known as the 'Cottonopolis of India' and serves as the primary port for the export of cotton and cotton textiles.

Jute requires specific alluvial soil and high humidity, which are found in the Ganga-Brahmaputra delta region. Meghalaya is not a significant producer of jute compared to West Bengal, Bihar, and Assam.

Cotton textiles are a major export commodity from India to various neighboring countries, including Sri Lanka, due to established trade routes and demand.

Kerala is the leading producer of natural rubber in India, providing the tropical climate necessary for rubber plantations.

 India is the one of the largest producer of rubber in the World. Kerala is the largest producer of rubber in India.

The soils are generally rich in montmorillonitic and beidellitic group of clay minerals. Black soils are most suitable for the cotton crop hence it is also known as black cotton soil. Besides cotton, the soil is suitable for the cultivation of crops like wheat, groundnut, chillies, tobacco and jowar.

Maintenance of proper physical, chemical and biological conditions of the soil is necessary for realizing higher growth, yield and quality of sugarcane. Sugarcane does not require any specific type of soil as it can be successfully raised on diverse soil types ranging from sandy soils to clay loams & heavy clays.

• India is one of the important cotton-manufacturing countries of the world.
  
•  Both short-staple and long-staple cotton is grown in the country.
  
• The cotton textile industry requires raw cotton as principal raw material and chemicals like caustic soda, dyes, arrowroot or starch, etc. for its production. 
  
• The cotton growing regions are Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, etc.
  

 There are four commercially grown species of cotton, all domesticated in antiquity: Gossypium hirsutum – upland cotton, native to Central America, Mexico, the Caribbean and southern Florida (90% of world production)

India today is the world's 3rd largest producer and 4th largest consumer. Kerala accounts for more than 90 percent of the total rubber production in the country. The total area under rubber cultivation in the state is 5.45 lakh hectares. Rest of the natural rubber is produced in Tamil Nadu and North East states.

Jute is a tropical crop that requires high humidity and significant rainfall, often described as a moist climate, to grow effectively.

Cuba has historically been referred to as the 'Sugar Bowl of the World' due to its massive sugar production and export history.

1. A total rainfall between 110 and 150 cm is adequately provided the distribution is right, abundant in the months of vegetative growth followed by a dry period for ripening.
2. During the active growth period, rainfall encourages rapid cane growth, cane elongation, and internode formation.
3. But during the ripening period, high rainfall is not desirable because it leads to poor juice quality, encourages vegetative growth, the formation of water shoots and increase in the tissue moisture. It also hampers harvesting and transport operations. 
4. This seems to be the case in regions of South America, South East Asia and some parts of Southern India.

The country has the largest area under sugar cane cultivation in the monsoon reason is India.

Sugarcane grows well in tropical regions with 100-150 cm of rainfall well-distributed throughout the year. However, irrigation is necessary in areas of lower rainfall or even in areas of higher rainfall during the long dry spells.

The major sugarcane-producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab and Haryana. 

Cuba is known as the ‘sugar bowl of the world’, as it used to have largest sugar industry which is now in decay and its position is now taken up by Brazil followed by India. It is an island of Caribbean region.

The U.S.A. is consistently one of the world's largest producers and exporters of cotton.

It is a tropical as well as a subtropical crop. It grows well in hot and humid climate with a temperature of 21°C to 27°C and an annual rainfall between 75cm.

Thailand

India is the third-largest producer of cotton in the world. Cotton grows well in drier parts of the black cotton soil of the Deccan plateau. 

Currently, Brazil is the largest sugar producer in the whole world. After Brazil, India is the 2nd largest sugarcane producer country in the world

Rubber belongs to  Tropical evergreen forests.

Assam is a state which does not produce sugar, due to its climate and vegetation. 

India is the third-largest producer of cotton in the world. Cotton grows well in drier parts of the black cotton soil of the Deccan plateau. 

Plantations are large tracts of land or estates used for cultivation of a single agricultural crop like tea, coffee, rubber or spices. Plantations were introduced in India by the Europeans.

Latex is the fluid that is used to form and production of rubber. It is obtained from the rubber tree.

Cotton, Jute, Sugarcane are the cash crops.
The other cash crops are Oil seeds and Tobacco.

India is the second largest producer of the sugarcane in the world. States of maharastra, U.P , Punjab and bihar are the maximum producers of sugarcane. An annual production of 3,41,400 TMT in the estimation of the year 2015. India is also the largest exporter of the sugar.

Uttar pradesh is the highest producer of sugarcane and then comes Maharastra. Uttar Pradesh accounts for 39% of the total sugarcane production in the country. More than 21 hectares land is under sugarcane cultivation in U.P. 

The residue of sugarcane from which the juice is extracted can be used to prepare Manure.

Thailand is the leading Rubber producing country in the world. Thailand is followed Indonesia and China at the second and third place respectively. India stands at fourth position inRubber production.

Traditionally, rubber is grown in the southern states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu, but an increase in demand for the crop has resulted in a search for other regions where cultivation can be pursued.

The soils are generally rich in montmorillonitic and beidellitic group of clay minerals. Black soils are most suitable for the cotton crop hence it is also known as black cotton soil. Besides cotton, the soil is suitable for the cultivation of crops like wheat, groundnut, chillies, tobacco and jowar.

Shrub is a medium sized woody plant. Cotton is a fibre crop and is a shrub. It is soft fluffy staple fibre which grows in a case. This fibre is yarn into threads. The fibre is almost pure cellulose. India is believed to be the original home of the cotton plant. It is a kharif crop.

Cotton is a fibre crop, is a shrub native to tropical and sub tropical regions around the world. It is soft fluffy staple fibre which grows in a case. This fibre is yarn into threads. The fibre is almost pure cellulose. India is believed to be the original home of the cotton plant. It is a kharif crop.

Soil is the topmost layer of the earth's surface. Each type of soil benefits the plant in different ways. Alluvial soil is rich in potassium. Black soil is rich in calcium, potassium and magnesium. Black soil is best suited for the cotton crops. 

Jute is a native plant of India. It is known as golden fibre. It needs hot and humid climate with average rainfall and temperature. It grows well in alluvial soil regions as it is the most fertile soil. 

Jute is a fibre crop. It is grown for its fibres. Jute is expensive. It is very profitable to our economy. It is the second most important crop after cotton. Its demand is rising in the world making our economy strong. Due to its golden silky colour it is known as golden fibre.

Sugarcane is a grass. It is both tropical as well as sub tropical crop. It grows well in hot and humid climate. India is the second largest producer of sugarcane after brazil. It is the main source of sugar and jaggery.

Sugarcane requires a hot and humid climate. It is long duration crop. It requires 10 to 15 months to mature. It can grow in variety of soils like loams, clayey, black cotton soils etc. India is the second largest producer of sugarcane after Brazil. It is cultivated throughout the year through irrigation.

Sugarcane is a long duration crop. It can grow in almost any kind of soil that can retain moisture. It requires deep rich loamy soil for growth. Soil must be rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium. It should neither be too acidic nor too basic. Sugarcane exhausts the fertility of the soil quickly. 

Cotton is a fibre crop. China is the biggest cotton producing country. Also the countries mentioned here are known as cotton producing countries. 

Sugar is formed from the sugarcane. Sugarcane is a tall grass. It is cultivated in many parts of the world like america and southern and eastern asia. It is a tropical and subtropical crop. Sugarcane is the major source of sugar.

The region of charotar in Gujarat is known as the land of Golden Leaf. It has the highest production of tobacco in Gujarat.

India is the second largest producer of cotton. Cotton has been used in India since the Indus valley civilization where cotton threads were recovered. India produces 6,423 thousand metric tons of cotton every year. The reason for such a huge production is the climate that is most favorable in northern part of the country. A moderate temperature of 25-35 degree Celsius is best suited for cotton cultivation in India. It is processed in huge quantity through modern machines based on the quality requirement.

Rubber is non fibre crop and Hemp, Cotton, Natural Silk are fibre crop.

Odisha.

Jute comes from the stem of jute plants, while coir comes from the husk of coconut fruit.

Cheap and abundant power supply is not one of the reasons for concentration of jute mills in Kolkata.

Uttar Pradesh.

Natural Rubber production is dominated by South East Asia.(72% of world)

Synthetic Rubber production is dominated by USA and Japan.

Cotton plant is a fibre crop. It is a kharif crop. India is the original home of the cotton plant. India is the third largest producer of cotton in the world. It requires high temperature and rainfall of about 50-120 cm . 

Andhra Pradesh is the leading producer of tobacco in India, benefiting from the soil and climate conditions in the region.

Cotton is widely considered the most important cash crop in India due to its massive role in the textile industry and employment.

Kerala is the primary producer of cashew nuts in India, owing to the coastal climate which is ideal for cashew trees.

India is one of the world's largest producers of tobacco, frequently ranking among the top three globally.

These cancer-causing chemicals are referred to as carcinogens. Some of the chemicals found in tobacco smoke include:· Nicotine (the addictive drug that produces the effect people are looking for and one of the harshest chemicals in tobacco smoke) Hydrogen cyanide. Formaldehyde

Growing a few annual crops on large estates for earning money is called Commercial Farming.

 Kerala is the major cardamom-producing area and places such as Udumbanchola taluka, Peermede taluka and Devikulam taluka are important centres in Idukki district.

Assam is the largest producer of Tea in India, followed by West Bengal, Himachal Pradesh and other states of North India.

Saccharum officinarum, sugarcane, is a large, strong-growing species of grass in the genus Saccharum. It originated in New Guinen.Muslims brought it to contemporary Spain (Andalusia, between Málaga and Motril), the only place in Europe where it grows. It arrived in the New World with the Spanish and is now cultivated in tropical and subtropical countries worldwide for the production of sugar and other products.

Main oilseeds produced in India include groundnut, mustard, coconut, sesasmum (til), soyabean, castor seeds, linseed, and sunflower

An
agricultural produce which makes the profit in return of selling by grown of crops
is known as commercial crop. The Crops are selling to other parties with the
object of making the profit from the farming. It is used by the cultivator
which grew crops for sale. Cotton, sugarcane, groundnut and tobacco are called
commercial crops because they are mainly grown for sale.

Commercial
farming is a farming in which an agricultural crop is grown for sale to return
a profit. Commercial crop is typically purchased by parties separate from a
farm. Tobacco is an example of commercial farming. It is grown largely in
semi-arid and rain-fed areas where the cultivation of alternative crops is
economically unviable. India is the world’s 2nd largest producer of tobacco.

Commercial crops are the crops which are grown for the selling purpose. The
most important commercial crop of India is Sugarcane. India has the largest
area under sugarcane cultivation in the world. India is the world’s second
largest producer of sugarcane next only to Brazil. Sugarcane belongs to bamboo
family of plants and is indigenous to India. It is the main source of sugar,
gur and khandsari. It also provides raw material for manufacturing alcohol.

Karnataka is the second Leading producer of tobacco, while Andhra Pradesh is the leading producer of tobacco.

India introduced cultivation of Tobacco, tapioca,pineapple from Pacific Islands.

Cash crops are those which are primarily grown for sale and not for use by the grower and his family. The cash crops provide raw material to the agro-based industries. They provide money  to the farmers not only to improve their living conditions, but also to improve their farming practices.