Development of sikh religion (1539 - 1581 ad) - class-X

Guru Arjan Dev Ji started writing of 'Guru Granth Sahib' Ji and it was completed and compiled by him. It was first installed in 'Harmandir Sahib' in 1604. At that time it was called "Adi Grantha" and did not contain the writings of Guru Teg Bahadur Ji which were later added by Guru Gobind Singh Ji( The tenth Guru of Sikhs) in 1708. It was written in Gurmukhi Script.

Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth guru of Sikh community conceived the idea of creating a central place of worship and he himself designed the architecture of Sri Harmandir Sahib. The foundation was laid by Guru Ram Das ji and it was completed by Guru Arjan Dev. The land for the Sri Harmandir Sahib was bought by Guru Ram Das ji.

The land for Harmandir Sahib was bought by Guru Ram Das Ji on payment from Zamindars. Guru Arjan Sahib got its foundation laid by a Muslim saint Mian Mir Ji in December 1588. The construction work was directly supervised by Guru Arjan Dev. He was assisted by the prominent Sikh personalities like Baba Budha Ji etc.

Guru Arjan Dev conceived the idea of creating a central place of worship for Sikhs and himself designed the architecture of Sri Harmnadir Sahib known as Golden temple. Earlier the planning to excavate the holy tank(Amrit Sarovar) was chalked out by Guru Amardas Sahib but it was executed and the foundation was laid by Guru Ram Das ji, the fourth Nanak.

Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji, the 6th Nanak changed the philosophy of the Sikh faith. He is the pioneer of the concept of "Miri-Piri" and "Sant Sipahi." He wanted his Sikhs to imbibe the character of 'Sant Sipahi' and he wore two swords, one of Miri (temporal power) and other of Piri (spiritual power). He asked his Sikhs to practice weapons and acquire other skills along with doing Simran and held their head high.

Guru Hargobind Ji was nominated as the Sixth Guru of Sikhs by Guru Arjan Dev Ji. He was not more than eleven years old at the time of execution of his father and Fifth Guru, Guru Arjan Dev Ji when he was installed as Guru.  From his prison cell, Guru Arjan Dev sent a message to Hargobind to cultivate and maintain an army. So following this decree from his father, Guru Hargobind is known for having initiated an Akali army.

Chandu Diwan belonged to the same caste which the gurus belonged. He wanted a matrimonial alliance in the house of Guru and wanted to give his daughter in marriage to Guru's son, Sri hargobind ji. His offer was rejected by the guru so Chandu was in opposition of Guru Arjan Dev ji.

Daswandh is a practice in Sikhism where followers are encouraged to donate one-tenth (10 percent) of their income for charitable purposes or the community.

Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth guru of Sikh community who stood for truth, was the first Sikh martyr. Guru Arjan, by sacrificing his life to uphold the sanctity of faith, completely surrendered to the hukum of God. He is called "Shaheedan da Sartaj", the crown of all the martyrs and "Sachcha Patshah" because of his various social, spiritual, poetic contribution and his supreme sacrifice for his faith.

The martyrdom of Fifth Sikh Guru Arjan Dev was the result of many factors working at Tandem with each other. The emperor was provoked since the Guru had offered help to hie rebel son Khusro. The elder brother of Guru Pirthi Chand was angry with the guru as he thought that it was his right to be guru which had been usurped by his younger brother. The guru was not in favour of Naqshbandis so he started opposing this. Another reason was the popularity of Guru Arjan Dev as a worldly religious leader among Hindus and Muslims.

Guru Hargobind Sahib ji, the 6th Nanak changed the philosophy of the Sikh faith. He is the pioneer of the concept of "Miri-Piri" and "Sant Sipahi." He wanted his Sikhs to imbibe the character of 'Sant Sipahi' and he wore two swords, one of Miri (temporal power) and other of Piri (spiritual power). He asked his Sikhs to practice weapons and acquire other skills along with doing Simran and held their head high.

The martyrdom of Fifth Sikh Guru Arjan Dev was the result of many factors working at Tandem with each other. The elder brother of Guru Pirthi Chand was angry with the guru as he thought that it was his right to be the guru. Another reason was the popularity of Guru Arjan Dev as a worldly religious leaders among Hindus and Muslims so the emperor had a fear. But the immediate cause of his martyrdom was, he helped rebel Prince Khusrau. The emperor was provoked since the guru had offered help monetary as well as provided shelter to the fugitive son of the emperor. 

The martyrdom of Fifth Sikh Guru Arjan Dev was the result of many factors working at Tandem with each other. The emperor was provoked since the Guru had offered help to his rebel son Khusrau. Another reason was the popularity of Guru Arjan Dev as a worldly religious leaders among Hindus and Muslims so the emperor had a fear that it could be in the conversion of Sikhs. Chandu Shah, the Emperor's Diwam was politically influential and conspired with the emperor and got the guru punished with a painful death. 

Prince Khusrau revolted against Jahangir. Khusrau received the blessings of Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Sikh Guru. But Khusrau was defeated, arrested and blinded. Later on, he was put to death. Guru Arjan Dev was also not spared. 

Guru Arjan Dev was the fifth of the ten Sikh Gurus. He was arrested under the orders of Jahangir as he refused to convert to Islam. He succeeded his father as the leader of Sikhs upon his death and went on to significantly influence the development of Sikhism.

Guru Ram Das ji was the fourth of the ten Gurus of Sikhism. His bani (spiritual revelations and writings) consists of 638 holy hymns, that he had composed to 30 different ragas of Indian classical music. He is credited with founding the holy city of Amritsar in the Sikh tradition.

Guru Arjan Dev

The first rendition of the holy book was compiled by the fifth Guru, Guru Arjan Dev and it was called Adi Granth. The Guru Granth Sahib is truly among the world's great scriptures. The Guru Granth Sahib is written in Gurmukhi script in various dialects Lahnda, Braj Bhasha, Khariboli, Sanskrit, and Persian.

Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Sikh Guru, was the first to be martyred in Sikh history, ordered by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir in 1606.

In 1590, A.D. Guru Arjan Dev Ji had another tank to dug at Majhe da Khara village( a place about 20 Km south of Amritsar). This he blessed as Tarn Taran.

Guru Arjan Dev took birth on 15th April 1563 at Taran Taran in Punjab. He was born in the house of Guru Ram Das ji who was the fourth guru of Sikh community. He was the youngest of three sons of Guru Ram Das ji.  He became the fifth Guru of Sikh community in 1581. He compiled 'Adi Grantha' presently known as 'Guru Granth Sahib'. He died in 1606.

Sri Harmandir Sahib is also known as "Darbar Sahib" or "Golden Temple means abode of God. It is a Gurudwara located in Amritsar, Punjab. The foundation of Golden temple was laid by Guru Ram Das Ji, fourth Guru of Sikh community and the construction work was started and completed by Guru Arjan Dev Ji. In 1604, Guru Arjan Dev completed the work of "Guru Granth Sahib" and it was first installed in Harmandir Sahib. He appointed Baba Buddhaji as the first Granthi of Harmandir Sahib. Baba Buddhaji laid the foundation of 'Dera Baba Nanak.'

Sri Harmandir Sahib is a gurudwara located in Amritsar. Guru Arjan Sahib got its foundation laid by a muslim saint Hazarat Mian Mir ji in December 1588. The construction work was directly supervised by Guru Arjan Dev himself and was assisted by the prominent Sikh personalities like Baba Bhuda ji, Baba Gurdas ji and other devotees.

Sri Hargobindpur also known as Sri Gobindpur is a small town located in Gurdaspur district of Punjab. This is situated on the bank of Beas river. It was founded by fifth Guru, Guru Arjan Dev Ji on the ruins of Ruhela in 1595. 

Gurudwara Shri Tarn Taran Sahib Ji is located in Tarn Taran, Punjab. It was built by the fifth Sikh Guru, Guru Arjan Dev Ji in 1590. It is now managed by Shiromani Gurudwara Prabandhak Committee. It has the distinction of possessing the largest tank among all the Gurudwaras and its water is believed to possess medicinal qualities. Its foundation was laid in the memory and honour of Guru Ram Das Ji.

The city of Kartarpur was founded by the fifth Guru of Sikh community, Guru Arjan Dev in 1593. It is located in 'Doaba' region, the region which lies between Beas and Satluj river near the city of Jalandhar. Its official language is Punjabi. Later on, Jang-E-Azadi museum was also built there to commemorate the sacrifices made by the Sikh community during Indian Independence Movement.

In 1593, the fifth Guru of Sikhs, Guru Arjan Dev ji dug a tank  called Gangasagar. The new township was called Kartarpur.

Guru Arjan Dev Ji was martyred on May 30, 1606, under the orders of Emperor Jahangir.

Guru Arjan Dev's martyr resulted in creating a sense of unity among Sikh. He ordered 'Guru Hargobind ji' the sixth guru of Sikh community to form an army. Before the execution of Guru ji, there was no military power held by Sikh community. This increased enmity and bitterness between Mughals and Sikhs.

Emperor Jahangir was the Mughal ruler who ordered the execution of the fifth Sikh Guru, Guru Arjan Dev, in 1606.

Guru Arjan Singh Dev ji was the fifth of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism. He compiled the first official edition of the Sikh scripture called the Adi Granth. He built the Golden Temple and also developed Amritsar as a Centre of Excellence.

Guru Nanak renamed him as Angad, and installed him as his successor on 13 June 1539. Guru Angad born as Bhai Lehna the second of the ten Sikh gurus. His discipleship was subjected to various tests by Guru Nanak Sahib after which he came to be known as the the symbol of obedience and service to humanity which earned him the position of second Guru of the Sikh faith.

Guru Angad compiled the Janamsakhi of Guru Nanak Dev ji. Guru Angad, born as Bhai Lehna the second of the ten Sikh gurus. Janamsakhi was the first biography of Guru Nanak Sahib. As a Guru, Angad Dev ji focused on the teachings of Nanak, and building the community through charitable works such as langar

Guru Amardas ji started the Manji system. He divided the Sikh Sangat area into 22 branches called Manjis and appointed a local devout Sikh preacher at each place. Some of his other contributions were elimination of the caste system, prohibition of practices such as Sati, Parda, etc

Guru Angad born as Bhai Lehna the second of the ten Sikh gurus. He encouraged all people to be involved in wrestling bouts or Mal Akharas to compete in physical competitions. It was one way of eliminting untouchability and differences between lower and upper castes. He founded many Mall Akharas in many villages including a few in Khandur.

Guru Angad born as Bhai Lehna the second of the ten Sikh gurus. He invented the present form of the Gurmukhi script which became the medium of writing the Punjabi language in which the hymns of the Gurus are expressed. He modified the pre-existing Indo-European scripts in northern parts of the Indian subcontinent so as to formalize the Gurmukhi alphabet.

Guru Amar Das was the third of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism. He was a very religious Vaishanavite Hindu before becoming a Sikh. He became Guru on 16 April 1552 at the age of 73.  He added a total of 907 revelatory hymns, that are incorporated in the Sri Guru Granth Sahib.

Guru Angad born as Bhai Lehna the second of the ten Sikh gurus. He entrusted the Guru Gaddi to Guru Amar Das who became the third of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism. He was a very religious Vaishanavite Hindu before becoming a Sikh. He became Guru on 16 April 1552 at the age of 73. 

Guru Amar Das, who was the third Guru of Sikh religion, laid the foundation of the Goindwal Sahib Baoli. It is located at Taran Taran district of Punjab.

Guru Angad Dev Ji, the second Sikh Guru, disapproved of the Udasi sect's emphasis on asceticism and celibacy, as he promoted the householder life and active participation in society.

Guru Angad born as Bhai Lehna the second of the ten Sikh gurus. He wrote 63 Saloks (stanzas), which were later included in Guru Granth Sahib by the fifth Sikh Guru, Guru Arjan. He focused on the teachings of Nanak, and building the community through charitable works such as langar.

Guru Amardas Ji built the Baoli at Goindwal Sahib and emphasized the spiritual significance of the eighty-four steps, linking them to the cycle of birth and death.

Guru Angad Dev Ji initiated the construction of the Baoli at Goindwal Sahib, and Guru Amardas Ji completed the work in 1559 A.D.

Guru Angad born as Bhai Lehna the second of the ten Sikh gurus. His discipleship was subjected to various tests by Guru Nanak Sahib after which he came to be known as the the symbol of obedience and service to humanity. Guru Nanak renamed him as Angad, and installed him as his successor on 13 June 1539.