Lok Sabha Powers and Parliamentary Procedures - Class XII

Indian constitution can be amended in three ways :

Bills to amend the Indian Constitution need to separately pass in both the houses by more than 50% of the strength of the house as well as a two-thirds majority of the members present in the house. In case of a deadlock between the two houses, a joint session cannot be called to amend the Constitution.

The structure of the constitution can be decided on the basis of amendments. In case the amendment is easy, it is called Flexible Constitution and in case the amendment is difficult, it is called the Rigid Constitution. A Flexible Constitution is regarded as unwritten or uncodified. It is easily amended without the use of special procedures. In a Flexible Constitution, the Parliament can alter the constitution by passing a law.

Certain parts of the constitution can be amended by a special majority consent of the members of Parliament. Special Majority means two third members should accept. For example, if out of the 245 members in Rajya Sabha, if only 150 are present and voting, then the special majority required would be 101. This type of majority is used for most of the Constitutional amendment bills.

Simple majority or working majority refers to a majority of more than 50% of the members present and voting. Most of the normal motions and bills in the house such as No-confidence Motion, Motion of Confidence, Motion of Thanks, Censure Motion, Adjournment Motion, Money Bills, Ordinary Bills etc. are passed via the simple majority process.