Government measures for food security - class-X

Grain Bank have been set up by the NGO's in different parts of Maharashtra.

Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a form of market intervention by the Government of India to insure agricultural producers against any sharp fall in farm prices. 

Minimum
Support Price (MSP) is announced by the Government of India at the
beginning of the sowing season for certain crops. The MSP is a guarantee price for farmers.

Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a announced by the Government of India at the beginning of the sowing season for certain crops. The MSP is a guarantee price for farmers' produce. The major objectives are to support the farmers from distress sales and to procure food grains for public distribution. 

Public distribution system supply food products for the low-income groups. All the staple food grains like rice, wheat, and essential commodities are provided through these shops. These commodities are provided to the poor people at a lower cost as compared to the market. 

Minimum Support Price (MSP) is decided by the government.
This is the price at which the government pays to the farmers for their produce.
Government buys the crops from farmers at MSP and then sell it in the market. This
policy helps the farmers as they get a fixed amount for their produce no matter
what the market price is. And also they don’t have to look after the
distribution of the produce. 

Cane is not covered in the HYV Scheme. Wheat,
Jowar, Bajara all come under the scheme. HYV (High yielding variety) seeds are
better quality seeds that improve the production levels. The objective of the
scheme was to increase production to achieve self-sufficiency.

 NFWP stands for National Food for Work Program . It is a scheme formulated by the Ministry of Rural Development, Central Government of India. Under this scheme 150 backward districts are supplied with necessary resources.

Government decided (in 2016−172016−17) to keep the MSP for pulses more competitive to the other cereal crops together with public procurement for public stock-holding.

The term 'FAQ' in the official literature of the Government means Fair Average Quality while the minimum support prices arc announced. 

India's wholesale price index though has become similar to the PPI of the developed countries from the point of the exclusion of the indirect taxes (since May2017May2017) it does not include the services.

The Green Revolution in India was a period when agriculture in India increased its yields due to improved agronomic technology. This revolution allowed to overcome poor agricultural productivity. It led to an increase in food grain production mainly in states such as Punjab, Haryana, UP during the early phase.  The new methods in agriculture increased the yield of rice and wheat, which reduced India's dependence on food imports.

The most important step taken by the Government of India towards ensuring food security for poor people is implementation of the Public Distribution System (PDS).

Malpractice done by PDS dealers are as follow:

• Selling poor quality food grains.
• Adulterated food stuffs, medicine etc.
• Use of false weight and measures.
• Hoarding and black marketing.

The special stamp entitled 'Wheat revolution' was released in July 1968 by Indira Gandhi.

India is aiming at self-sufficiency  in food grains since independence. Several poverty alleviation programmes have been introduced by the government. National food for work programme, Employment generation programme for rural people are some of them. These programmes mainly contribute by increasing the income of the poor.

A supply of inputs which is held as a reserve to safeguard against unforeseen shortages or demands is known as buffer stock.

The White Revolution is the achievement of Kaira district milk producers and co-operative union which owns and operates the Amul dairy. The success of the union is largely due to the patidars, a farming community to which Sardar Patel belonged.The Amul dairy is an indispensable adjunct of the Anand union.

The National Food for Work Programme was launched by minister of rural development,central government on 14 November 2004 in 150 of the most backward districts of India with the objective of generating supplementary wage employment.

The rising minimum support prices have increased the cost of agricultural production. Minimum support prices are the prices which are set by the government for farmers' foodgrains production.

Government took the measure for food security by introducing Public Distribution System. The function is making available foodgrains to the poor at highly subsidised rates.

Issue price means the price lower than the market price.

The methods to bring about a Green Revolution was first introduced in 1963 by Dr. Norman Borlaug, an American agro-scientist. The methods adopted included the use of high yielding variety (HYV) seeds that resulted in higher production of foodgrains.

Public distribution system (PDS) is an Indian food security system. Established by the Government of India under the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food, and Public Distribution, the scheme is managed jointly by State governments. It distributes subsidized food and non-food items to India's poor.

The cooperatives societies set up shops to sell low priced goods to poor
people. In Tamil Nadu, around 94% shops are run by the cooperatives.

Amul is the success story of cooperatives in milk and milk products
from Gujarat. It has brought White Revolution in India.

Mother Dairy is making strides in provision of milk and vegetables to the consumers at controlled rates which is decided by Delhi Government.

Public Distribution System (PDS) is an Indian food security system. Established by the Government of India, it distributes subsidized food and non-food items to the poor. This scheme was launched in India on June 1947. Food security means availability,
accessibility and affordability of food to
all people at all times.

Major commodities distributed under public distribution system include staple food grains, such as wheat, rice, sugar, and kerosene, through a network of fair price shops. Food Corporation of India, a Government-owned corporation, procures foodgrains and maintains the PDS.

Food security is nothing but the opportunity to gain food all along which is possible to people who have continuous work. Among the given options, workers employed in ill-paying jobs, daily wage workers, landless laborers do not get enough pay or continuous work and hence food security is seen only for call centre workers.

Food Corporation of India was set up on 14th January, 1965 to implement the following objectives of the National Food Policy:

1. Effective price support operations for safeguarding the interests of the farmers.
2. Distribution of foodgrains throughout the country for Public Distribution System.
3. Maintaining satisfactory level of operational and buffer stocks of foodgrains to ensure National Food Security.
4. Regulate market price to provide foodgrains to consumers at a reliable price.

NFWP is stand for National Food for Work Programme. This programme was launched in the year 2004 by the minister of rural development. The objective of this scheme is to give employment to Indian poors who can undertake unskilled jobs and thus also maintaining food security.  

A buffer stock scheme is an attempt to use commodity storage for the purposes of stabilising prices in an entire economy or, more commonly, an individual (commodity) market. Specifically, commodities are bought when there is a surplus in the economy, stored, and are then sold from these stores when there are economic shortages in the economy.

Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) is a Government sponsored scheme to provide highly subsidised food to millions of the poorest families. It was launched by the government on 25 December 2000 and first implemented in Rajasthan.

• Academy of Development Science has facilitated a network of NGOs for setting up grain banks in different regions.
• ADS organises training and capacity building programmes on food security for NGOs. Grain Bank are now slowly taking shape in different parts of Maharashtra.
• ADS efforts to set up the 'Grain Bank', is paying rich dividends.
• The ADS Grain Bank programme is acknowledged as a successful and innovative food security intervention.

Wheat and Rice crops are related to Green Revolution.

The minimum support price (MSP) is announced by the Government of India at the beginning of the sowing season. 

The Bengal famine of 1943 struck the Bengal Province of British India during World War II following the Japanese invasion of Burma. Approximately 3 million people died due to famine.

In 1960s the government adopted certain strategies in agriculture to make India self-sufficient in food grains:
(i) Use of HYV seeds.
(ii) Use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides.
(iii) New scientific methods of farming.
(iv) Several schemes for irrigation were undertaken to bring more land under cultivation.

Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) is a Government of India sponsored scheme to provide highly subsidised food to millions of the poorest families. It was launched by the government on 25 December 2000 and first implemented in the state of Rajasthan.

Public distribution system relates to retailing system. PDS is a network of fair price shops where the necessary commodities and staple food grains are provided to the poor people at low price as compared to the market. So this is a retailing system as the distribution is done through retail shops. 

The Food Corporation of India is an organization founded on 14th January, 1965 and run by the Government of India to provide food subsidies to the poor section of the society. 

A price lower than the market price is called issue price. The price at which a new security will be distributed to the public prior to the new issue trading on the secondary market. Also commonly referred to as offering price.

The farmers are paid a pre-announced price for their crops. This price is called Minimum Support Price (MSP). The MSP is declared by the government every year before the sowing season to provide incentives to the farmers for raising the production of these crops.