Law and social justice

The government makes certain laws to protect people from exploitation. The government has to ensure that these laws are implemented. Some of these laws are:-

The Bhopal disaster also referred to the Bhopal gas tragedy. It was a gas leak incident on the 3rd December 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited pesticides plant in Bhopal. Methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas was released during the tragedy. It killed more than three thousand people immediately.

The Bhopal disaster, also referred to as the Bhopal gas tragedy, was a gas leak incident on the night of 2–3 December 1984 at the Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

According to social law, all are equal before the law irrespective of rich, poor, male, female, black, white, upper caste or lower caste. The Constitution does not give the right to discriminate anyone on basis of the language they speak, the color of their skin, the religion they follow, the culture they have and the caste they belong to.

The Biodiversity Act of India was passed in the year 2002. It was passed by the Parliament of India for the preservation of biological diversity in India. The act provides the various ways to protect and foster biodiversity. It includes sustainable use of its components and fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the use of biological resources like river, land, sea, plants, tree, mountains, animals etc.

The Ganga action plan was launched by Rajeev Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India, on 14 January 1986 with the main objective of pollution abatement, to improve the water quality by interception, diversion and treatment of domestic sewage and present toxic and industrial chemical wastes from identified grossly polluting units entering into the river. 

The Prosecutor is a lawyer representing the state or the people of the state in criminal trial.
The role of the Public Prosecutor begins once the police has conducted the investigation and filed the charge sheet in the court.
He represents the interests of the State and conduct the prosecution on behalf of the State.
The Public Prosecutor is not involved in the investigation that is conducted by the police.

Article 22 of the Constitution and criminal law guarantee to every arrested person the right to defend by a lawyer. The article provides that it is the right of the arrested person to be presented before the Magistrate within 24 hours of arrest. It is the right of the arrested person that the confession made in police custody cannot be used as an evidence against the accused.

Following are the correct thing regarding the enforcement of safety laws which led to Bhopal Gas Tragedy:

Protection Of Life And Personal Liberty: No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law. Article 21 Of The Constitution Of India.

The Bhopal disaster or Bhopal gas tragedy was an industrial accident. It happened at a Union Carbide subsidiary pesticide plant in the city of Bhopal, India. On 3 December 1984, the plant released 42 tonnes of toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas, exposing more than 500,000 people to toxic gases.

The main objective of the Public Liability Insurance Act 1991 is to provide for damages to victims of an accident which occurs as a result of handling any hazardous substance. The Act applies to all owners associated with the production or handling of any hazardous chemicals.

The Bhopal disaster or Bhopal gas tragedy was an industrial accident. It happened at a Union Carbide subsidiary pesticide plant in the city of Bhopal, India. On 3 December 1984, the plant released 42 tonnes of toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas, exposing more than 500,000 people to toxic gases.

Environment Protection Act, 1986 is an Act of the Parliament of India. In the wake of the Bhopal Tragedy, the Government of India enacted the Environment Protection Act of 1986 under Article 253 of the Constitution. Passed in March 1986, it came into force on 19 November 1986. The purpose of the Act is to implement the decisions of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environments they relate to the protection and improvement of the human environment and the prevention of hazards to human beings, other living creatures, plants and property. The Act is an “umbrella” legislation designed to provide a framework for central government coordination of the activities of various central and state authorities established under previous laws, such as the Water Act and the Air Act.

The Union Carbide Corporation, apparently one of the first American companies to invest in India, possessed more than 50% shares in the UCIL. The reckless cost cutting measures of the Union carbide management and the ensuing breach of safety controls, the non compliance to standard operating procedures etc., purely to increase its operational profits, are all widely cited as the cause for this devastation.

When we see someone violating the law, we immediately think of informing the police. After a person is arrested, it is a court of law that decides whether the accused person is guilty or not. According to the Constitution, every individual charged of a crime has to be given a fair trial.

The judge is like an umpire in a game and conducts the trial impartially and in an open court. The judge hears all the witnesses and any other evidence presented by the prosecution and the defense. The judge decides whether the accused person is guilty or innocent on the basis of the evidence presented and in accordance with the law. If the accused is convicted, then the judge pronounces the sentence. He may send the person to jail or impose a fine or both, depending on what the law prescribes.

In court, it is the Public Prosecutor who represents the interests of the State. The role of the Prosecutor begins once the police has conducted the investigation and filed the charge-sheet in the court. He/she has no role to play in the investigation. The Prosecutor must conduct the prosecution on behalf of the State. As an officer of the court, it is his/ her duty to act impartially and present the full and material facts, witnesses and evidence before the court to enable the court to decide the case.

The Goa Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the state of Goa in western India. It consists of 40 members in charge of the budget, the Assembly appropriates money for social programs, agricultural development, infrastructure development, etc. It is also responsible for proposing and levying taxes.

Key players of the criminal justice system are as follows:-

Article 21 of the Constitution, that guarantees the Right to Life, states that a person’s life or liberty can be taken away only by following a reasonable and just legal procedure. A fair trial ensures that Article 21 of the Constitution is upheld. The Constitution and the law both state that all of the persons should carry out their roles in a proper manner. What this means is that they all need to work to ensure that every citizen, irrespective of their class, caste, gender, religious and ideological backgrounds gets a fair trial when accused. The rule of law which says that everyone is equal before the law would not make much sense if every citizen were not guaranteed a fair trial by the Constitution.

On March 1985, The Indian Government passed the Bhopal Gas Leak Disaster (Processing of Claims) Act. The act confers certain powers to the Central Government to secure the claims arising out of Bhopal Gas Leak disaster so that the claims should be dealt speedily, effectively, and in equitable manner.

Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) was a chemical company established in 1934. UCIL is a company belonged to America. In 1970 UCIL built a pesticide plant in Bhopal, India, which gained worldwide attention as a result of the Bhopal gas tragedy. On December 3, 1984, a release of methyl isocyanate gas immediately killed approx three thousand people and led to the death of more than fifteen thousand in subsequent weeks.

We can be prejudiced about things such as:-

Merely making laws is not enough, the government should ensure that these laws are implemented. This means that the law must be enforced. Enforcement becomes even more important when the law seeks to protect the weak from strong. The government should ensure that every worker gets fair wages, the government should inspect the work sites and punishes those who violate the laws. Through making, enforcing and upholding the laws, the government can control the activities of individuals and companies to ensure social justice.

Bhopal gas tragedy took place in the year 1984. On 3rd December 1984, a gas leak incident happened at the Union Carbide India Limited pesticides plant in Bhopal. It killed about three thousand people immediately and led to the death of fifteen thousand people in subsequent weeks.

In India employing children in begging for illegal gains is an offence both legally and morally. It obstructs the development of a child while ruining future prospects for him/her.

The marriage of a child below 18 years of age is Child Marriage. In India, Child Marriage was prevalent in ancient society. Child Marriage has been made an offense by enacting The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 which provides for provisions to prohibit Child Marriage, punishment for persons who abet, promote and solemnize Child Marriage.

Cyber crimes are the crime which requires a computer or network for the commission. Child Pornography, Internet Fraud, hacking etc are some of the Cyber Crimes. Cybercriminals either use a computer as a tool or a computer as a target. Hate crimes are committed through social media or social network which spreads fastly.

Cybercrime is any criminal activity that involves a computer, networked device or a network. Common types of cybercrime include online bank information theft, identity theft, hacking, phishing, copyright infringement, etc.

The crimes done by children between the age group of 10 to 14 years are termed as juvenile crimes. It is also termed as the participation of minors in illegal works. Examples of juvenile crime are theft, murder, assault, tobacco offenses etc.

 Following are the reasons for children to engage in crimes:-

In India, Child is the person who is below the age of 14 years. The Constitution Prohibits child labour explicitly and strongly by making the ban a fundamental Right. The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act also prohibits the employment of a child in any industry, factory or domestic purpose and makes it a punishable offence for whoever found employing child labour.

Hacking is an act of intrusion by accessing one's computer without permission. A person who does hacking is called Hacker. It is a cyber crime which is a serious breach of one's privacy. Hackers use this as a tool to make demands and extortion. They are usually computer programmers well equipped with the technological system.

The use of intoxicants changes everything from body to the society where we live. Drugs and alcohol can have a very negative effect on our lives. It causes health complications, financial problems, social issues, family disputes infections, legal problems etc. Intoxicants cause anxiety, personality disorder, depression, mood disorder. All these things separate the person from his/her family and the society.

The crimes done by children below fourteen years of age are called juvenile crimes. They are called juvenile offenders. A juvenile is a child who is alleged to have committed certain acts or omissions which are in violation of any law and are declared to be an offense.

The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity is an international agreement which aims to ensure the safe handling, transport and use of living modified organisms (LMOs) resulting from modern biotechnology that may have adverse effects on biological diversity, taking also into account risks to human health. It was adopted on 29 January 2000 and entered into force on 11 September 2003.

IP spoofing is also known as IP address forgery or hijacking or hacking technique. It is a cyber crime. It is to hijack another computer by identifying the electronic identity of that computer to know about the details of other person like that of banking, the personal identities etc.

The Bhopal disaster or Bhopal gas tragedy was an industrial accident. It happened at a Union Carbide subsidiary pesticide plant in the city of Bhopal, India. On 3 December 1984, the plant released 42 tonnes of toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas, exposing more than 500,000 people to toxic gases.

Environment Protection Act, 1986 is an Act of the Parliament of India. In the wake of the Bhopal Tragedy, the Government of India enacted the Environment Protection Act of 1986 under Article 253 of the Constitution. Passed in March 1986, it came into force on 19 November 1986. The purpose of the Act is to implement the decisions of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environments they relate to the protection and improvement of the human environment and the prevention of hazards to human beings, other living creatures, plants and property. The Act is an “umbrella” legislation designed to provide a framework for central government coordination of the activities of various central and state authorities established under previous laws, such as the Water Act and the Air Act.