Types of reproduction in animals - class-VII

Vivipary is the condition, where the embryo grows first to break through the seed coat and then out of the fruit wall while still attached to the parent plant. This condition is found in Bruguiera, Ceriops, Kandelia and Rhizophora species.

Claspers of cartilaginous fishes (sharks) is one pair between the pelvic fins. Claspers are analogous to penis of human male both act as copulatory organ and transfer the sperm into female.

An animal that is viviparous gives birth to young ones. The embryos are raised with special organs in the parents as they develop, those supply nutrients to the growing embryos. Example -Homo sapiens (humans), Macropus (Kangaroo), Pteropus (Flying fox), Camelus (Camel), Delphinus (Common dolphin), Balaenoptera (Blue whale).

Marsupial mammals are viviparous mammals in which the embryo is born at a very early stage and complete its development outside the mother's body. Examples of living marsupials mammals are bandicoots, kangaroos, koalas etc.

• Oviparous animals are that lay eggs, with little or no other embryonic development within the mother. Birds are oviparous.

• Panthera leo which is commonly known as lion belongs to the family Felidae and comes under the class Mammalia (which give birth to their young ones).

• Elephas maximus which is commonly known as Asiatic elephant belongs to the family Elephantidae and comes under the class Mammalia (which give birth to their young ones).

• Hemidactylus flaviviridis is a species of lizards which is also known as the Geko or northern house gecko which belong to the class Amphibia.

• Ornithorhynchus anatinus is also known as duck-billed platypus which is a semiaquatic egg-laying mammal.

• So, the correct answer is 'Ornithorhynchus anatinus'.

Mammalian eggs have very little yolk (microlecithal) because the embryo obtains maternal nutritional support throughout its development.

Cockroaches are oviparous. The egg hatches at specific conditions to give birth to young ones. The eggs are carried by the mother cockroach around in a sac called an ootheca, which is attached to her abdomen. The number of eggs in each ootheca are about 16 and varies from species to species. Many female cockroaches drop or hide their ootheca shortly before the eggs are ready to hatch. Others continue to carry the hatching eggs and care for their young after they are born. But regardless of how long the mother and her eggs stay together the ootheca. 

Cleidoic eggs are laid by terrestrial animals like reptiles and birds. The egg is surrounded by a hard porous shell. Gaseous diffusion occurs through porous shell. Egg of aquatic animals is covered by a jelly coat and not by a hard shell. The shell in cleidoic eggs protects the developing embryo and also makes available an aquatic environment for development. The yolk of an egg is a source of nutrition for developing an embryo.

Reptiles and birds are terrestrial animals. They lay large yolk-rich eggs which are covered with a porous shell. As the eggs are rich in yolk they can support the development of an embryo. Hence, embryogenesis occurs outside the body of the animal inside the egg. Such yolk-rich eggs are called as macrolecithal eggs.

The yolk is a part of an egg, that feeds the developing embryo in animals. It is composed of carbohydrates (3.5%), protein (16%) and fats (phospholipids 26.5%) of total yolk. The main fatty acids present in the yolk is oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid etc. 

The process of formation of the yolk is known as vitellogenesis. These are generally used to nourish the developing embryo in oviparous animals. They are deposited during oocyte maturation for use after fertilization and are synthesized in the liver or fat bodies as a common precursor termed vitellogenin.

• Deutoplasm is the nutritive material present in the egg for development and nourishment of embryo. It is a non-living portion of the egg.
• Deutoplam is present in the yolk of eggs. Sometimes yolk and deutoplasm are used synonymously.

Amphibious are the animals that can live on water as well as on land.
Oviparous are the animals that lay eggs.
Triploblastic describes the animal having a body composed of three embryonic cell layers as the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
Viviparous are animals that give birth to live young one that has developed inside the body of the parent.

Unisexual is where the organism is either male or female.
Oviparous animals are those that lay eggs, with little or no other embryonic development within the mother.
Viviparous are animals that give birth to live young ones.
Hermaphrodite is the one which has both male and female reproductive organs.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Oviparous are the animals that lay eggs and the embryonic development majorly takes place outside the body of the mother. From the options, pigeon and crocodile lay eggs.
Viviparous are the animals that give birth to live young ones that have developed inside the body of the female parent, Of the given options, rat and horse are viviparous.
So, the correct answer is option C.

Oviparous animals lay an egg and the embryonic development takes place outside the human body. Example birds.
While viviparous animals are those that give birth to live young ones. Example human beings.

Vivipary is the development of the embryo inside the body of the mother, eventually leading to live birth.
Carnivorous are animals that feed on animal tissues.
Omnivorous are animals that feed on plant and animals.
Ovipary is the method of reproduction in which eggs are laid and embryos develop outside the mother's body, each egg eventually hatching into a young animal.
So, the correct answer is option D.

Fish lay eggs instead of giving birth to little fish. As the fish grow, they hatch into fry with an attached yolk sac and then mature into fish. The process usually takes around a week to 10 days, although it can vary widely. Cat, dog, and cow can not lay eggs.

• Oviparous organisms produce their offsprings by laying eggs. Their Egg contains an embryo.
• While viviparous organisms produce offspring by giving birth to young ones. They do not lay eggs.

Crow is oviparous. Cat is viviparous. Frog is oviparous. Lizard is oviparous. Dog and cow both are viviparous. Crow and frog both are oviparous.

So the correct option is Crow, Cat.

The correct option is A.

Oviparous animals can reproduce by laying eggs. This is how most fish, amphibians, reptiles, insects, and arachnids reproduce. All birds and monotremes also reproduce like this. But, viviparous animals are born as the live young individuals.

So the correct answer is oviparous.

The correct option is B.

Animals that gives birth to their young ones are called Viviparous.

In the viviparous type of animals, females can give birth to young ones. Mammals (except egg-laying mammals), like whale, shark, mouse, humans are examples of viviparous animals. Frog is an oviparous animal. The butterfly is an oviparous animal

So, the correct answer is Human being.

The correct option is A.

• Oviparous animals are the animals that lay eggs.
• Viviparous animals give birth to the living offspring that develop within the mother's body (as in the case of most of the mammals).
• Ovo-viviparous give birth to the young ones in eggs which are hatched within the female body (as in some reptiles and fishes).
• Herbivorous animals are those that feed exclusively on vegetable food.

Ovipary is the development of foetus outside the mother's womb. Example, egg-laying birds.

Oviparous animals are animals that lay eggs, with little or no other embryonic development within the mother. Hen and frogs, they both lay eggs and hence are oviparous.
On the other hand, viviparous are those that give birth to live young ones and in ovoviviparous, there is internal fertilization and young are born live but there is no placental connection and young ones are nourished by yolk egg.
So, the correct answer is option A.

Viviparous animals are those animals which give birth to young ones. Birth of fully developed young ones is attributed to the presence of a highly developed placenta which helps the embryo to develop fully in mother's womb. 
So, the correct option is 'Viviparous'.

• Birds are oviparous meaning they lay eggs. On the other hand, dogs do not lay eggs and are viviparous meaning dogs give birth to live young ones. So, bird's eggs are available in markets. 

The egg of fish is surrounded by a jelly-like membrane but does not develop a hard shell. Some fishes lay an egg that is covered by a hard leathery coat.

• The female frog covers the eggs with a jelly-like substance that causes the eggs to float to the water's surface and also protects from any damage.

In oviparous animals such as reptiles and birds, fertilised eggs are covered by hard calcareous shell and are laid in a safe place. After incubation period, young ones hatch out. In viviparous animals such as majority of mammals including human beings, the zygote develops into a young one inside the body of the female individual. After a certain growth, young ones are delivered by the female individual. Due to proper care and protection, the chances of survival of young ones are more in viviparous individuals.

Platypus, bat, elephant and whale, all belong to. Class Mammalia of sub-phylum Vertebrata. Out of the four, only platypus is oviparous (egg laying), rest are viviparous (glib birth to young ones).

Giving birth to live young is called vivipary. When a species lay eggs it is called oviparity.

Centrolecithal eggs have yolk concentrated in the center as in insects. 

Ovoviviparous is the method of reproduction in which animals produce eggs, but instead of laying the eggs, the eggs develop within the mother's body. The eggs hatch within the mother. After hatching, they remain inside the mother for a time and are nourished there. 

Larva comes out from the egg membranes is called as Hatching. Formation of a gastrula from a blastula by invagination is called as Emboly. cell movements that occur in the Gastrulation stage of embryonic development of some organisms are called as Epiboly and changes in the location or relative position of cells that takes place during the gastrulation stage of animal development is called as Ingression.

Option C viviparous

Egg of the chick is porous, which allows the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the inside of the egg and the environment. If it is covered by plaster of paris, then pores will be closed which can lead to several respiratory problems.
So, the correct answer is option B.