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Soaps and Detergents
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Match the column I with column II and mark the appropriate choice.
| Column I | Column II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (A) | $CH _3(CH _2) _{10}CH _2OS{ O }^- _3Na^+$ | (i) | Cationic detergent |
| (B) | $[CH _3(CH _2) _{15}N(CH _3) _2-CH _3]^+Br^-$ | (ii) | Non-ionic detergent |
| (C) | $CH _3(CH _2) _{16}COO(CH _2CH _2O) _nCH _2CH _2OH$ | (iii) | Soap |
| (D) | $C _{17}H _{35}COONa$ | (iv) | Anionic detergent |
AnswerClick to flip back
A
(A) $\rightarrow$(iv), (B) $\rightarrow$(i), (C) $\rightarrow$(ii), (D) $\rightarrow$(iii)
💡 Explanation:
- Anionic detergents are sodium salts of sulphonated long chain alcohols or hydrocarbons. Alkyl hydrogensulphates formed by treating long chain alcohols with concentrated sulphuric acid are neutralised with alkali to form anionic detergents.
- Here, option A which is $CH _3(CH _2) _{10}CH _2OSO^{-} _{3}Na^{+}$ Sodium laurylsulphate is an Anionic detergent.
- Cationic detergents are quarternary ammonium salts of amines with acetates, chlorides or bromides as anions. Cationic part possess a long hydrocarbon chain and a positive charge on nitrogen atom. Hence, these are called cationic detergents.
- Here,option B wich is $[CH _3(CH _2) _{15}N(CH _3) _2-CH _3]^{+}Br^{-}$ is a Cationic detergent.
- Non-ionic detergents do not contain any ion in their constitution. One such detergent is formed when stearic acid reacts with polyethyleneglycol.
- Here option C which is $CH _3(CH _2) _{16}COO(CH _2CH _2O) _nCH _2CH _2OH$ is a Non-ionic detergent.
- Soaps are the sodium salts of long chain carboxylic acids. Here option D which is $C _{17}H _{35}COONa$ is a soap.