Production of agricultural crops - class-VIII

Among the given options pulses belong to leguminous crop. Pulses are a type of leguminous crop but pulse term refers to dried seed.

Some examples of pulses include beans, peas, cowpea, dry beans like pinto beans, kidney beans, navy beans, dry peas, lentils, lupins, and peanuts, Mung bean, golden gram, green gram.

Pulses grow in pods and come in a variety of shapes, sizes and colours.

Pulses are very high in protein and fibre, and are low in fat. They also have nitrogen fixing capabilities.

Soybeans are low in saturated fat and high in protein, vitamin C, and folate. They are also a good source of fiber, calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and thiamin.

Nitrogen is the most essential nutrient for plant. Pulses can utilize nitrogen present in the soil by symbiotic relation with nitrogen fixing bacteria that live inside roots of the plants.

Pulses also improve fertility of soil and hence are grown as rotation crops in between the different crops.

India is the largest producer as well as consumer of pulses in the world. Major pulses that are grown in India are tur (arhar), urad, moong, masur, peas and gram. Major pulse producing states in India are Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Karnataka.

• Green Revolution is the Intensive plan of the 1960s to increase crop yields in developing countries by introducing higher-yielding strains of plant and new fertilizers
  
• It developed new strains of high yield variety seeds, mainly wheat and rice and also millet and corn.
  
• The green revolution of wheat and rice left pulses becoming the next preference. 
  

Rice is paddy crop and rest of them are kharif crop.

• Masur, Urad and Tur are varieties of pulses.
  
• Masur: This dal is best for improving blood circulation.
  
• Urad: These pulses are rich in vitamin B.
  
• Tur: Usually eaten by majority of Indians. It helps in easy bowel movement.
  

• Leguminous crops are plants which belong to Leguminosae family. Legumes are grown primarily for their grain seed called pulse.
  
• Nitrogen fixing capabilities; In the roots of legumes, a special type of bacteria Rhizobia is present. They fix nitrogen and make it available to the plant.
  

Millets will yield maximum crop per hectare

Uttar Pradesh  is not a major cashew nut growing State.

West Bengal is the largest producer of rice in India. India is one of the largest producers of rice in the world

Rice requires more water than any other crop. As a result, paddy cultivation is done only in those areas where minimum rainfall is 115 cm. Although the regions are having average annual rainfall between 175—300 cm are the most suitable.

Rice is a tropical crop and grown where the average temperature during the growing season is between 20°C and 27°C. ADVERTISEMENTS: Abundant sunshine is essential during its four months of growth. The minimum temperature should not go below 15°C as germination cannot take place below that temperature.

There are more than 40,000 varieties of cultivated rice (the grass species Oryza sativa) said to exist. But the exact figure is uncertain. Over 90,000 samples of cultivated rice and wild species are stored at the International Rice Gene Bank and these are used by researchers all over the world.

West Bengal is the largest producer of rice in India, followed by states like Uttar Pradesh and Punjab.

 It is the staple food crop of a majority of the people in India. Our country is the second largest producer of rice in the world after China. It is a kharif crop which requires high temperature, (above 25°C) and high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm. 

West Bengal is the largest producer of rice in India, constituting about 15 percent of the total rice production area. 

It is the staple food crop of a majority of the people in India. Our country is the second largest producer of rice in the world after China. It is a kharif crop which requires high temperature, (above 25°C) and high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm. In the areas of less rainfall, it grows with the help of irrigation. 

For rice production, it is essential that the production fields receive a mean precipitation of 100-200 cm every year. Rice cultivation needs 25°C temperature.

Rice is the staple food crop of a majority of the people in India. Our country is the second largest producer of rice in the world after China. It is the leading crop of West Bengal occupying about three-fourth of its cropped area. 

Rice occupies about one-third of the total cropped area of the state. Although the crop is grown throughout the state five districts West Godavari, Krishna, East Godavari and Guntur together contribute more than half of the State's rice production. 

The intensive utilisation of water for irrigation has resulted into land degradation. It is observed that farmers pump groundwater to grow water-intensive crops in low rainfall areas. This results into land degradation.

• India stands second in the production of rice producing 155.682 Million Metric Tonnes per annum after China with highest production. Rice is the staple food for Indians and India’s climate is very much suitable for rice cultivation.
  
• In India, West Bengal is the leading rice producer. In West Bengal the productivity of rice increased from 1.02 t/ha in 1966‐67 to 2.59 t/ha in 2006‐07. With gradual increase in area, the production is nearly doubled in rabi season. The overall coverage of high yielding varieties is around 92%.
  

• Rice is an important staple food crop for more than 60 per cent of the world people.
  
• Major share of rice is cultivated during Kharif season.
  
• China is the leading rice producer with 205.463 Million Metric Tons per year.
  
• India occupies next position in rice production after China.

Hot and wet climate is favorable for cultivation of rice. Rice is grown in the months of April to October which includes summer and rainy seasons providing essential hot and wet climate. Hence rice is a kharif crop.

India stands second in the production of rice producing 155.682 Million Metric Tonnes per annum after China with highest production. Rice is the staple food for Indians and India’s climate especially the Deccan plateau region is very much suitable for rice cultivation.

• Aman, Aus and Boro are rice varieties. Rice is usually sown thrice.
  
• Aman: This variety is sown in the rainy season (July-August) and harvested in winter. This is mainly produced.
  
• Aus: Rice sown in summer along with the pre-monsoonal showers and harvested in autumn. The quality of this rice is rough.
  
• Boro: Rice sown in winter and harvested in summer. This is also called spring rice.
  

If we talk about the world then, China is the largest producer of paddy and India is the second largest. While talking about the states West bengal is the largest producer of paddy followed by uttar pradesh. Rice is one of the chief grains of India. It is a kharif crop. It is also grown through irrigation.

It is a kharif crop. It requires high temperature and humidity. It requires annual rainfall to be about 100 cm. It grows with the help of irrigation and so less rainfall is required and so the land should not be slopy. If the land is slopy the water will flow away.

          Crops                   Geographical conditions

Rice is a tropical monsoon crop. The tropical monsoon climate experiences abundant rainfall like that of the tropical rain forest climate, but it is concentrated in the high-sun season