Equality - class-VII

Right to equality is given to all Indians. Article 15 provides that state shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.

Public property is contrast to private property.

In a democracy, the people elect their representatives and right to vote is a fundamental principle of a democracy. Every citizen has equal right to vote though the age may differ according to different democracies. Article 325 of the Indian Constitution says that no person to be ineligible for inclusion in, or to claim to be included in a special, electoral roll on grounds of religion, race, caste or sex  for right vote India. 

Gender equality means that men and women and girls and boys, enjoy the same rights, resources opportunities and protections.

Universal
adult franchise is an essential aspect of all democracies. The idea of
universal adult franchise is based on the idea of equality because it
states that every adult in a country, irrespective of their wealth and
the communities she/he belongs to, has one vote. Everyone is equal
because each of them has one vote.

Tamil Nadu was the first state in India to introduce "The midday meal scheme" and in 2001, the Supreme Court asked all state government to begin this programme in their schools within six months. This programme has had many positive effects. This include the fact that more poor children have begun enrolling and regularly attending school.

Article 14 of the Indian Constitution deals with Equality before law. It states that the State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India. Just as in elections each person has an equal right to vote, so is every person entitled to have the penal code enforced against him equitably, and not more stringently than against other people.

Right to property was a fundamental right but with 44th CAA, it was made a legal right. The other options deal with Right to Freedom, Freedom of Religion and Right to Equality which are fundamental rights.

The Indian Constitution currently lists 10 Fundamental Duties for citizens under Article 51A. These were added by the 42nd Amendment (1976) with 10 duties originally. The question has a typo - Consumption should be Constitution. Option D with 10 duties is correct.

The claim of superiority over one another develops the sense of inequality that gets adequately manifested in actions such as discrimination. The law, therefore, considers all persons equal before it and treats them equally without any privilege.

In a democracy, the people elect their representatives and right to vote is a fundamental principle of a democracy. Every citizen has equal right to vote though the age may differ according to different democracies. Article 325 of the Indian Constitution says that no person to be ineligible for inclusion in, or to claim to be included in a special, electoral roll on grounds of religion, race, caste or sex  for right vote India. 

In earlier stages of civilization in the USA, it has witnessed large discrimination and inequality between whites and blacks relating to many civil rights and public place access. The situations are improvising as equality especially Gender equality has become a global issue. There is still some issues such as equal pay, implementation of proper civil rights etc. 

Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (1913 – 2005) was an activist in the civil rights movement best known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Her refusal to surrender her seat to a white male passenger on a Montgomery, Alabama bus, December 1, 1955, triggered a wave of protest December 5, 1955, that reverberated throughout the United States. Rosa Parks was born to Leona, a teacher, and James McCauley, a carpenter. In addition to African ancestry, one of her great-grandfathers was Scots-Irish and one of her great-grandmothers was a Native American slave.

Democracy can be understood as the process of collective decision making thus making it egalitarian process. Public equality is the underlying principle of democracy, each and every person has equal say irrespective of conflict of interest and opinion. It grants people equal civil rights. The inequality in all forms poses a threat for democracy to flourish. Wealth inequality, status inequality, socio-economic lead to a drastic change in Democratic setup where some people feel isolated in the process. 

Basis of inequality can be:

The democratic elections require all adult nations are eligible to vote in the elections this is known as Universal Adult Franchise . Adult franchise also ensures that all citizens are able to vote without any discrimination of caste , religion  economic or educational backround.

Rosa Parks was a Civil rights activist in US. She refused to surrender her seat to a white passenger on a segregated Montgomery, Alabama bus, which spurred on the 381-day Montgomery Bus Boycott that helped launch nationwide efforts to end segregation of public facilities.

Equality
is a key feature of democracy and influences all aspects of its
functioning. Democratic government include people's participation, the
resolution of conflict, and equality and justice. Equality is important
in democracy.

Public memorials serve as a remembrance of one's memory, life, service after they die. They are built in forms of statue, parks, monument etc. These are the government's property and it is responsible for maintenance and protection. The revenue collected by the government from its citizen in form of tax is used in up keeping of these memorials while they serve as public amusement.

Water is a natural resource and human survival depends upon the use of natural resources. Water is the most precious of all resources available if it is not used sustainably the day would come when the lakes, rivers, and ocean would dry up and drinking water will become scarce. One should make his/her moral, social and individual duty to prevent wastage of water wherever possible.

I would extend help in cleaning it because as a responsible citizen, it is my duty to protect and preserve the environment. Our Constitution consists of some fundamental duties which are moral obligations placed on the citizens. One of them is to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures.

Some properties can be owned by individual or group of individuals while some properties belong to the general public or to all members of the community these are called common property. Everyone is entitled equally to use them and no one can claim their exclusive hold. Forests, lake, rivers, birds, animals come under common property resources.

Some people while agitating or raising their demand violently put public buses and trains on the fire. These are the property of public use and available to us by the government for our convenience, one can do anything s/he would want with his/her property. But destroying public property is harming rights of all members of the public.

Property based upon the ownership can be categorized into private property and public property. Public property is for public use and owned by the state(government) whereas private property is owned by individuals. Our Monuments are part of our cultural heritage, they represent the tales of our history and shows the skill and shades of art. India has several historical monuments e.g., Taj Mahal in Agra, Red Fort in Delhi, Golden Temple in Amritsar etc.

The property which is not owned by any individual or group of individuals and is open to the public for its enjoyment is called Common property or Government property. The government is in charge of taking care and maintaining such properties. E.g., parks, river, waterways, oceans etc.

I would stop him/her from doing so because as a responsible citizen, it is my duty to protect and preserve the environment. Our Constitution consists of some fundamental duties which are moral obligations placed on the citizens. One of them is to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures.

Hygiene and cleanliness are two amongst many good habits a person should adopt. Personal hygiene, as well as public hygiene, keeps the body in a healthy state. A person must keep clean his surroundings and personal self. Washrooms whether at homes or outside must be kept cleans to prevent entry of germs in the body. Public washrooms such as in schools should be reported to get cleaned at once if they are found uncleaned, this shows the awareness by individual and concern towards cleanliness.

I would stop him/her from doing so because as a responsible citizen, it is my duty to protect and preserve the environment. Our Constitution consists of some fundamental duties which are moral obligations placed on the citizens. One of them is to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures.

The midday meal scheme is a government scheme which refers to the programme introduced in all government elementary schools to provide children with cooked lunch. This programme has had many positive effects. These include the fact that more poor children have begun enrolling and regularly attending school.

The Republic of India is a welfare state, the state is required to take measures for overall development and welfare of people by any means necessary. The Government of India has initiated a number of social security scheme for promoting equality and socio-economic development. E.g. Beti Bachao Beti Padao, Pradhan Mantri Ujjwal Yojna, Maternity Benefit scheme, Sarv Shiksha yojna etc. for the empowerment of women and children.

The Midday Meal Scheme is a school meal programme of the Government of India designed to improve the nutritional status of school-age children nationwide. It is supported by the Centre and the states in the ratio of 60:40. It was first implemented in Tamil Nadu. The Midday Meal Scheme is covered by the National Food Security Act, 2013.