Shivaji Maharaj and the Mughals - Class VII

The treaty of Purandhar was signed between the Rajput ruler Jai Singh I, who was commander of the Mughal Empire, and Shivaji Maharaj. Raja Jai Singh beseiged the Purandhar fort and Shivaji was forced to sign the treaty so as to protect his empire from damage that would have occurred in case of war with the Mughals.

Raigad is a hill fort situated in the Mahad, Raigad district of Maharashtra, India. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj built this fort and made it his capital in 1674 when he was crowned as the King of the Maratha Kingdom. 

Shivaji Maharaj decided to raid Lal Mahal secretly under his own leadership. On 5th April 1663, Maharaj raided Lal Mahal at night with a select band of soldiers. In this raid, Shaistakhan lost his fingers. He suffered great humiliation. He left Pune and shifted his camp to Aurangabad.

Shivaji Maharaj decided to raid Lal Mahal secretly under his own leadership. On 5th April 1663, Shivaji Maharaj raided Lal Mahal at night with a select band of soldiers. In this raid Shaistakhan lost his fingers.

The Treaty of Purandar was signed on 11 June 1665 between Chhatrapati Shivaji and the Mughal commander Raja Jai Singh I.

The Battle of Pavan Khind was a rearguard battle fought on 13 July 1660 at a mountain pass in the vicinity of Fort Vishalgad.

Shivaji Maharaj was crowned as the Chhatrapati of the Maratha Kingdom at Raigad Fort in 1674.

Answer - (C) - Chhatrapati

Shivaji Maharaj founded Swaraj. He had himself crowned after the coronation Maharaj accomplished 'Dakshin Digvijay', the conquest of the South.

The Battle of Umberkhind was fought in 1661 between the Maratha army led by Shivaji and the Mughal forces led by Kartalab Khan.

Shivaji Maharaj held his coronation ceremony at Raigad in 1674, formally establishing the Maratha Empire.

Maharaj realised that now it was necessary for the Swaraj to win general recognition as a sovereign independent State. For this, a formal coronation was necessary. On 6 June 1674, he had himself coronated at Raigad by Gagabhatt, a learned Pandit.

Prince Sambhaji Raje was 17 years old at the time of coronation of Shivaji Maharaj. He has described the coronation ceremony in the treatise 'BUDHABHUSHANAM'. It is based on his own experience.

Raigad was the capital of the Maratha Kingdom established by Shivaji Maharaj.

The battle of Chakan (not Chakam) between the Maratha Empire and Mughal Empire took place in 1660. Shivaji besieged the Mughal fort at Chakan under the command of Shaista Khan's forces. Though Shivaji could not capture the fort, the prolonged siege demonstrated Maratha military capability against the Mughals.

In 1663, Shivaji Maharaj conducted a daring night raid on the camp of Shaista Khan, who was stationed in Poona (Pune).

During the raid on Lal Mahal, Shivaji Maharaj's soldiers attacked Shaistakhan, who lost his fingers while trying to escape through a window.

The Treaty of Purandar and the subsequent visit to Agra were orchestrated by Mirza Raja Jai Singh, who represented the Mughal interests.

After Shaista Khan was recalled by Aurangzeb following the raid, Prince Muazzam was initially appointed, but Prince Akbar also served in the Deccan region during this period.

Shivaji Maharaj signed the Treaty of Purandar in 1665 with Mirza Raja Jai Singh after the siege of Purandar fort.

Shaista Khan tried to escape through a window of Lal Mahal in Pune from the custody of Shivaji. There Shivaji cut his three fingers with his sword. He managed to escape after losing three of his fingers, one son and 40 soldiers. 

Following the Treaty of Purandar, Jai Singh persuaded Shivaji to join him in a campaign against the Adilshahi Sultanate of Bijapur.

Aurangzeb did not treat Shivaji well; he insulted him in the court, leading to Shivaji's house arrest and subsequent escape.

During his escape from Agra, Shivaji left his son Sambhaji Raje in the care of trusted associates in Mathura for safety.

Inayat Khan was the Mughal Subhedar of Surat when Shivaji raided the city in 1664.