Animal and Plant Adaptations in Woodland and Grassland Ecosystems

Chameleon can change its colour which helps the animal to camouflage itself in the presence of potential predators. Their slow movement and blending into the surrounding environment make it hard for predators to spot them. Their colour changes also help them in mating as they shift colours while communicating with other chameleons. Their colour change also depicts their reactions such as they display darker colours when empty or when under stressed environmental conditions.  Thus, the correct answer is option B.

The different types of stripes in tigers and leopards are ideal in proving camouflage to these animals according to their need. The black stripes help the animal to be hidden in the shades of the tree. The stripes on their body look like shadows as they stalk through long grasses in the moonlight. Besides being an adaptation to mix with their surroundings these stripes also act as finger prints for them as no two tigers have same type of stripes.

Arboreal animals are those which spend most of their time on trees. For example Koala, Lemur, Spider monkey , tree sloth. Such animals show variety of adaptations so that they can easily ascend and descend from the trees. 

• The opposable thumb is a thumb that can be placed opposite to the fingers of the same hand. They are called opposable because the thumb can be moved around to touch the other fingers. 
• Opposable thumbs allow the digits to grasp and handle objects and are characteristic of primates.
• Animals with opposable thumbs include gorillas, monkey, chimpanzees, orangutans, and other variants of apes.
  
• Hence, the opposable thumb is found in monkey and it helps in grasping.

Plants shed their leaves in cold region due to the scarcity of water. leaves have tiny holes which cause loss of lots of water. All around snow and no availability of water by shedding their leaves plant utilises remaining water and survive in winter. Thus, the correct option is B.

Red eyed tree frog spends most of its life clinging to the branches of tree tops. For this purpose, its toe has pads which are naturally specialised for clinging and allow the frog to grip surfaces. These sticky pads allow them to stay balanced and in place. Thus they can leap very and far and also move swiftly. 

All Monkeys have tails and that is part of what makes them different from humans and Apes. These tails are used for the balance that is why they are so long. They also use their tails to allow them to leap vertically and to hang upside down from branches. The longer a monkey's tail is, the better is its balance.

In grasslands, periodic fires and limited water availability prevent the establishment and growth of woody trees. These environmental filters keep the ecosystem in a subclimax state dominated by grasses rather than progressing to a forest.