Flower Anatomy and Biology

Flower is the reproductive part of the plant. Pistil, stamens, petals and sepals are the four main parts of the flower. Among this, pistil is the female reproductive part and it is made up of stigma, style and ovary. Stamen is the male reproductive part and it consists of filament and anther. 

The bulb is the modified underground stem surrounded by the fleshy leaves. It usually contains stored food like the tulip bulb. Also, a capsule is a type of simple but mostly dry and dehiscent fruit. Some examples are Cotton, Eucalyptus, Datura, Witch Hazel. Orchid seeds don’t have endosperm. Primrose is having free central placentation.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

The wrong statement is " the side of the flower towards the bract is called posterior side"

Floral bud is the undeveloped or embryonic shoot which is protected by the sepals during bud stage which gets mature and it forms coloured petals that helps flower to attract pollinators.

1. Maize has an inflorescence of spikelets as flowers are born on an axis called rachilla surrounded by bracts.
2. Datura flower is bell-shaped and a solitary flower.
3. Chrysanthemum often shows solitary head inflorescence.
4. Marigold has spike inflorescence means with short or no pedicel are elongated and unbranched peduncle.

The flower is considered as the modified shoot that is meant for reproduction and contains the reproductive organs stamen (male reproductive part) and pistil (female reproductive part) and after fertilization, its parts convert into fruits and vegetables as a result of reproduction.

Carpels, pistil or gynoecium are the female reproductive part of the flower that consists of a stigma that holds the pollen grains, the style that leads the path of pollen tube and ovary produce small structures called ovules or ovum (female gamete).

Cloves represent the flower bud. They are aromatic.  They are flower buds of a tree Syzygium aromaticum belonging to the family Myrtaceae.

Free petals - Polypetalous 

The style is the part of the pistil which leads to the formation of the pollen tube.
Stigma is the part of the pistil which holds the pollen.
Stamen is the male reproductive part of the flower which is made up of two parts the filament which is a stalk that attaches to anther bilobed structure that forms pollen grains.
The ovary is the main female part that leads to the formation of an ovum.
So, the correct option is 'Stamens'.

Anther is the bilobed structure that forms pollen grains which are attached with a stalk known as filament and they combine to form the stamens which are known as the male reproductive part of a plant.

Axile placentation is found in China rose, Tomato, Potato, Petunia, Aloe. Adhesion of stamen (epipetalous) is found in Solanaceae (Tomato, Potato, Petunia) and Malvaceae (China rose). The intersection is Tomato, Potato, Petunia, China rose.

Corolla is the nonessential unit of a flower and is composed of petals and are colored with distinct shapes and sizes which helps to attract pollinators.

Stamen or androecium are the male reproductive part and responsible for the production of pollen grains (male gamete). Pistil or gynoecium are the female reproductive part and produce ovum (female gamete). If both the organs are present it is called bisexual flower. If one of them is present the flower is referred to as unisexual.
So the correct option is 'Pistil and stamen'.

1.  Anthology is the published collection of writings.
2. Phenology is the study of cyclic and seasonal natural phenomenon in relation to climate plant and animal life.
3. Floriculture is the branch of biology that deals with the study of a flower.
4. Agrostology is the branch of botany that deals with grasses.

Stamens or androecium are the male reproductive part contains filament which is a slender stalk and anther is a bilobed structure which is responsible for the production of pollen grains (male gamete).

Stamens or androecium are the male reproductive part and responsible for the production of pollen grains (male gamete). Pistil or gynoecium are the female reproductive part and produce ovum (female gamete). If both the organs are present it is called bisexual flower. If only one of them is present flower is referred to as unisexual.
So the correct option is 'Presence of stamen and pistil in the flower'.

1. Carpels, pistil or gynoecium are the female reproductive part of the flower that consists of a stigma that holds the pollen grains, the style that leads the path of pollen tube and ovary produce ovum (female gamete). 
   
2. Stamens or androecium are the male reproductive part contains filament which is slender stalk and anther is bilobed and responsible for the production of pollen grains (male gamete). 
   

Non-essential parts of the flowers are the accessory parts that are not directly involved with the gametes formation and sexual reproduction. The whorls of the calyx (individual unit - sepals) and corolla (individual unit - petals) are involved in the protection of flower and attraction of the pollinators, respectively. So, these are considered to be non-essential parts of flowers.