Anglo-Mysore Wars

Haider Ali was the ordinary soldier in Mysore Kingdom. He overthrew the King and become king of Mysore. Tipu sultan was the son of Haider Ali.

The war was a conflict between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company from 1780 to 1784. Hyder Ali formed a confederacy against British which included Nizam of Hyderabad, the Poona government and Bhonsle of Nagpur. The result was victory of British forces and the war ended with the signing of Treaty of Mangalore.

Hyder Ali rose to power in the 18th century and established himself as a formidable ruler of Mysore, frequently challenging the Marathas, the Nizam of Hyderabad, and the Nawab of the Carnatic.

Tippu Sultan was the son of Hyder Ali. Tippu participated in his fathers battles actively and emerged as winner and declared himself as the Sultan. Tippu led the Second Anglo-Mysuru war when his father Hyder Ali died in the battle due to illness. After the death of his father he continued the Anglo Mysuru wars. Nobody came to help him. He fought against Britishers bravely. At last the British signed the Treaty of Mangaluru. This treaty was beneficial for both parties. Both the parties returned their captured areas and exchanged the prisoners of war. This treaty increased the stature of Tippu. The 3rd Anglo Mysuru war resulted in the British defeating Tippu and capturing half his kingdom and 330 lacs as cash. This humiliating defeat was too much for Tippu to digest which resulted in the 4th Anglo Mysuru war resulting in his defeat and death. Tippu Sultan is called as the Tiger of Mysuru.

Hyder Ali was an eminent commander in Dalawoy Nanjarajaiahs army. He was brave and adventurous. He won many battles and accumulated army and wealth. This made him gain respect from the king. When there was a revolt in the capital city, Hyder Ali suppressed it and restored the Kingship of Krishnaraja Wodeyar and removed the Dalawoy and took over the administration. The British could not digest the expansion of the Mysuru kingdom under the Hyder Ali. This led to the Anglo-Mysuru wars. In the first war, the British suffered heavy defeat and had to sign the treaty of Madras with Hyder Ali.

Tippu Sultan was the son of Hyder Ali. Tippu participated in his fathers battles actively and emerged as winner and declared himself as the Sultan. Tippu led the Second Anglo-Mysuru war when his father Hyder Ali died in the battle due to illness. After the death of his father he continued the Anglo Mysuru wars. Nobody came to help him. He fought against Britishers bravely. At last the British signed the Treaty of Mangaluru. This treaty was beneficial for both parties. Both the parties returned their captured areas and exchanged the prisoners of war. This treaty increased the stature of Tippu. The 3rd Anglo Mysuru war resulted in the British defeating Tippu and capturing half his kingdom and 330 lacs as cash. This humiliating defeat was too much for Tippu to digest which resulted in the 4th Anglo Mysuru war resulting in his defeat and death.

Hyder Ali was an eminent commander in Dalawoy Nanjarajaiahs army. He was brave and adventurous. He won many battles and accumulated army and wealth. This made him gain respect from the king. When there was a revolt in the capital city, Hyder Ali suppressed it and restored the Kingship of Krishnaraja Wodeyar and removed the Dalawoy and took over the administration. 

The period of wars ended with the fall of Tippu Sultan. The British took over the Mysuru state and divided into four parts among Marathas, Nizam and themselves. The remaining one part was returned to Mysuru Wodeyars. Krishnaraja Wodeyar III was brought to power. Since, Krishnaraja Wodeyar III was only five year old boy, Poornaiah was appointed as the Diwan of Mysuru.

Seringapatam (Srirangapatna) was the capital of the Kingdom of Mysore under Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan. Tipu Sultan died there during the final siege of the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War in 1799.

The Treaty of Seringapatam was signed in 1792 between Tipu Sultan and Lord Cornwallis, who was the Governor-General of India at the time, following the Third Anglo-Mysore War.

Tipu Sultan is recognized for his modernization efforts, which included adopting Western military techniques, administration, and technology to strengthen his kingdom against colonial powers.

Tipu Sultan introduced several administrative reforms, including a new Mauludi calendar, a new coinage system, and standardized weights and measures to improve trade and governance.

The battles of Mangalore, Parambakkam, and Porto Novo were key engagements during the Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780-1784) between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company.

The Anglo-Mysore was the conflict in South India between British East India Company and the Kingdom of Mysore. They fought four wars and in the last,  Fourth Anglo-Mysore war the ruler Tipu Sultan was killed and the British captured the capital of Mysore.

The Threatry of Seringapatam was the result of Third Anglo-Mysore War.
It was signed on 18th March 1792, which ended the Third Anglo-Mysore
war. Mainly it was signed between  British East India Company and
Kingdom of Mysore. It signatories included Lord Cornwallis on behalf of
the British East India Company, representative of the Nizam of Hydrebad
and the Maratha Empire and the ruler of Mysore Tipu Sultan.

Tipu Sultan introduced many reforms, including a new coinage system, a new calendar, and new weights and measures. The survey and settlement system was primarily associated with British colonial land revenue reforms like the Ryotwari system.