Protection of children - class-VII

Child Rights are considered to be a part of basic human rights. Therefore Child labour is a violation of human rights.

The children of today would be fathers of tomorrow, who are being nurtured into the wombs of formal and informal agencies of education. They form the future pillars of our nation. So, much importance is given to the development of children in India.

The NCPCR (national commission  of protection of child rights) is an indian governmental commission established by the act of parliament the communion for protection of child rights act in December 2005.

NCPCR that is national commission for protection of child rights works under the ministry of women and child development.

NCPCR (National commission for protection of child rights) follows united nation convention on the rights of the child. 

The full form of NCPCR is national commission for protection of child rights and is mandated to function for protection and promotion of child rights.

NCPCR (National commission for protection of child) acts for the children of age group between of age group between 0-18 years.

Rights are legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement; that is, rights are the fundamental normative rules about what is allowed of people or owed to people, according to some legal system, social convention, or ethical theory. A person can legally claim these entitlements except in certain conditions, such as an emergency. Hence, Option A is correct. The rest of the options do not mean social and legal entitlement to be claimed, hence, incorrect. 

Article 24 of the Constitution of India prohibits child labour and specifically prohibits employment of any child below the age of 14 years in any factory or hazardous employment.

Article 21A of the Constitution of India was inserted by the Constitutional 86th Amendment Act which made the basic education a fundamental right for the children in the age group of 6 to 14 years and has imposed a duty upon the state to provide the same.

Right against exploitation embodies two articles viz. Art. 23 and 24 which deals with abolition of human trafficking and abolition of employment of children below 14 yrs of age in dangerous jobs. 

Trafficking means dealing or trading humans illegally. It is done for forced labour, sexual exploitation, begging, sexual slavery, etc. Article 23 of the Indian Constitution deals with prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour.

Poverty may be defined as a social condition where individuals do not have financial means to meet the most basic standards of life that is acceptable by the society. Individuals experiencing poverty do not have the means to pay for basic needs of daily life like food, clothes and shelter.

As per Child Labour Prohibition Act of 1986, a "Child" is defined as any person below the age of 14 and the CLPR Act prohibits employment of a Child in any employment including as a domestic help. The practice deprives children of their childhood, and negatively affects their physical and mental development. 

Children are the supreme assets of the nation. They require special care and attention to develop into a responsible grown adult. Today's children are key to the future, more healthy and adequately they transform into an adult, more the nation will prosper.

Children require a healthy, fearless, and comfortable environment for their development. The Convention on Rights of Child 1989 provides that children should be protected from torture and cruel treatment. It creates a fear in the child and leads to ill development of a child. 

Child Rights International established Child Right Clubs, as child-led groups. They provide a platform for education and empowerment of children and involves maximum participation of child. Schools are the places where children are at a growing stage, child right Clubs in school can help children to learn and discuss on issues, it will help children to engage in activities, awareness of existing rights and access to practical knowledge through team spirit.

The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) is astatutory body established by the Commission for Protection of Child Rights Act in December 2005. It works under the aegis of Ministry of Women and Child development. The Commission's Mandate is to ensure that all Laws, Policies, Programmes, and Administrative Mechanisms are in consonance with the Child Rights perspective as enshrined in the Constitution of India and also the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. As defined by the commission, child includes those up to the age of 18 years. 

The Child Labour Prohibition Act, 1986 was enacted with the purpose of imposing complete prohibition on child labour. It recognises child as a person who is below the age of 14 years and employment of any such child in any kind of labour is made punishable under this Act. 

The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme is a government initiative for the all-round development (health, nutrition and education) of children under age 6. It was launched by the Government of India in 1975. Its aim is to reduce infant mortality, child malnutrition and to provide pre-school education. The ICDS scheme is today one of the worlds largest and most unique programmes for early childhood development.

Gopal Krishna Gokhale demanded the Right to Education for Indian children from the Imperial Legislative Assembly. His dream for the Right to Education came true when the Government of India introduced the Right to Education Act (REA) on 1st April 2010. The Right to Education is now a fundamental right for all age group of 6 to 14 years. Thus, the Government of India has paved the way for building up a strong literate and empowered the youth of the country.

Right to Education makes education a fundamental right of every child between the ages of 6 and 14 and specifies minimum norms in elementary schools. It describes the importance of free and compulsory education for children between 6 and 14 in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution.